Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, zvinotanga kushanda MicroG, kushandiswa kwemahara iyo inoedza kutsiva Google Play Services pamidziyo yeAndroid, kungave pamaROM akagadzirwa, mafoni asina maGoogle apps akaiswa kare, kana mamwe mamodheru ane miganho yakanyanya. Mumakore apfuura, nzira dzakawanda, matipi, uye nzira dzekugadzirisa matambudziko dzakabuda kuti izvi zviitike, dzimwe dzakanyatsotsanangurwa uye dzimwe dziri nyore zvikuru maererano nezvinodiwa nhasi.
Chii chinonzi MicroG uye nei ichikosha kudaro?
MicroG GmsCore iboka rezvinhu iyo inoedza kutevedzera chikamu chakanaka chemabasa e Google Play Services pasina kuvimba nepakeji yepamutemo yeGoogle. Nemamwe mashoko, inoshanda sebhiriji pakati pesisitimu nemapurogiramu anotarisira kuwana masevhisi iwayo akaiswa.
ari Masevhisi epamutemo eGoogle Play anoshanda sehurongwa iyo yakabatanidzwa zvakanyanya muhurongwa hweAndroid. Semuenzaniso, Play Store, Google Maps, zviziviso zvekushandisa kubva kumaapplication mazhinji, geolocation kuburikidza neWi-Fi networks uye nharembozha, kuwiriranisa maakaundi eGoogle, nezvimwe zvakawanda zvinoenderana nazvo. Pasina chimiro ichi, maapplication mazhinji anomira kushanda kana kurasikirwa nemamwe mashandiro awo.
Android yakavakirwa paAOSP (Android Open Source Project)Kodhi iyoyo inowanikwa pachena, asi Google inobva yawedzera zvikamu zvayo, kusanganisira Google Play Services. Ndosaka mamwe ma Android devices asingasanganisire chero chinhu kubva kuGoogle, senge mamwe mafoni anotarisa zvakavanzika kana mabrandi akambova nematambudziko emarezenisi mune mamwe misika, sezvamunoona mu [link to relevant documentation]. nyaya dzevagadziri vakakanganiswa.
Patinoshandisa AOSP ROM chaiyo kana ROM yakasarudzika isingasanganisire maGoogle apps, Kuisa pasuru yepamutemo yeGApps hakusi kwakanaka nguva dzose.Kune vashandisi vanoda dzimwe nzira dzakareruka, dzine simba rakawanda kana kuti dzisingatsamiri zvakananga paGoogle, uye ndipo chaipo pave neMicroG ichigadzira nzvimbo yakanaka.
Pfungwa iri shure kweMicroG Zviri pamusoro pekupa imwe nzira yemahara inokutendera kuti urambe uchishandisa akawanda emaapplication anoda Google Play Services, asi uine sarudzo dzakawanda dzekugadzirisa, kuvandudzwa kwekushandiswa uye, pamusoro pezvose, nekutonga kwakawanda pane zviri kushanda uye zvisiri mukati mesystem.
Nzira dzakanyanya kunaka dzinoshandiswa sei kushanda
Mumazuva ekutanga eMicroG, isa paROM yakauya neGoogle ecosystem yese yakaiswa kare Mutambo uyu waive une njodzi. Hazvaingodiwa chete kuti uwane root access uye kuti uwane custom recovery, asi kazhinji, mascript chaiwo, ma ZIP package akagadzirwa, kana kuti kugadzira system partition nemaoko.
Muenzaniso wakajairika ndewevaya vaiva nefoni yeXiaomi kubva makore mashoma apfuura. Musanganiswa wacho waimbove: bootloader isina kuvhurwa, TWRP yakaiswa, uye ROM yakavakirwa paXiaomi.eu kana imwe shanduro iri pedyo neChinese stock ROM, asi nekuvandudzwa. Kubva ipapo, hurongwa hwaive hwekutsvaga mugadziri weROM kana mubiki anogona kugadzirira faira reZIP rinogona kuiswa, iro, kubva mu recovery mode, raizobvisa "zvishoma" zvikamu zvese zveGoogle kubva musystem.
Izvozvo Faira reZIP rakagadzirwa zvakananga pachikamu chesystem uye yakabvisa masevhisi eGoogle nemaraibhurari pasina kutanga Android. Izvi zvaiitirwa kudzivirira kusawirirana panguva yekutanga uye kubvumira MicroG kutora basa guru sehurongwa hwemasevhisi, izvo zvaive zvisiri nyore kana ROM yakagadzirirwa kushanda nemaapplication epamutemo eGoogle.
Mune zvimwe zviitiko, zvakaita semamwe mamodheru eHuawei, Izvi zvaisanganisira kufambisa nemaoko uye kubvisa mafaira musystem root directory.Pfungwa yacho yaive yekuisa maapplication eMicroG munzira dzakakodzera uye nemvumo dzakakodzera kudzivirira bootloop kana system kuti isabatike pakati pekurodha. Muganho wekukanganisa waive mudiki: faira rimwe chete rakatadza kuiswa uye foni yaisazotangazve.
Zvese izvi zvaidiwa Ruzivo rwepamusoro rwe Android, zvikamu, uye mvumoKuwedzera kune miedzo yakawanda uye, dzimwe nguva, kuyedza kwakawanda kwakundikana, vashandisi vaipinda munyika ino vaifanira kugadzirira kuburitsa ROM kubva pakutanga kana chimwe chinhu chikafamba zvisina kunaka uye vakarasikirwa nekushandisa mudziyo wavo kwenguva pfupi.
Nei MicroG yava nyore kushandisa iye zvino
Kupfuuridza nguva, Nharaunda yeAndroid yakagadzirisa zvakanyanya nzira dzekubatanidza MicroG. pamhando dzakasiyana dzeROM. Zvishandiso zviri nyore kushandisa, vagadziri vakangwarira kuti maitiro acho ave nyore, uye hazvichawanzoitika kuti munhu agadzire maZIP akasarudzika emhando yega yega yefoni.
Nhasi, nzira huru dzakawanda dzinogona kusiyaniswa Nakidzwa nezvinhu zveGoogle nekuda kweMicroG paROM yakagadzirwa kana pasystem isina GApps. Imwe neimwe ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira, asi dzese dzine pfungwa imwe chete inokosha: zvakakosha kugadzira backup usati wabata chero chinhu.
Uyewo, MaROM mazhinji emazuva ano atove nesarudzo dzekudzima kana kubvisa Google Play ServicesIzvi zvinovhura nzira yekuti MicroG ikwanise kuzvisimudzira pasina dambudziko rakawanda. Kunewo mapurojekiti anobatanidza MicroG seyakajairwa, zvichibatsira mushandisi kuchengetedza matanho akaomarara.
Kuti zvinhu zviwedzere kuipa, mumakore achangopfuura Mhinduro dzakavakirwa pamamodules nemaframeworks dzave nani (senge Xposed kana LSPosed), izvo zvinokutendera kuti uchinje maitiro esystem pasina kugadzirisa zvakanyanya chikamu chesystem, zvichideredza zvishoma njodzi yekukanganisa zvese nefaira rakaipa.
Sarudzo dziripo dzekuwana masevhisi eGoogle neMicroG
Kazhinji, nhasi tinogona kuungana nzira huru dzekushandisa MicroG muzvikamu zvitatu: kutanga kubva kumaROM asina Google, kusarudza maROM anouya neMicroG yakatoiswa kare, kana kushandisa mamodule anoibatanidza muROM yakawanda kana shoma.
1. Isa ROM isina masevhisi eGoogle wobva wawedzera MicroG
Sarudzo yekutanga inosanganisira penya ROM yakasarudzika inobva "yakachena" kubva kuGoogleKureva kuti, pasina kana Google Play Services, Play Store, kana chero mamwe maapplication ekambani. Izvi zvakajairika muma AOSP ROMs akawanda uye ma derivatives, kunyanya mumapurojekiti anotarisa pakuvanzika kana mashandiro akareruka.
Kana tangova neROM isina masevhisi eGoogle, Danho rinotevera nderekuisa MicroG senzvimboZvichienderana neprojekiti, izvi zvinogona kuitwa uchishandisa muchina chaiwo wekuisa, pasuru yakagadzirirwa munharaunda, kana nekutevera magwaro epamutemo eMicroG, ayo anotungamira mushandisi kuti ashandise mabasa akakosha, mvumo, uye kusaina kana zvichidikanwa.
Nzira iyi ine mukana wekuti Tinodzivisa kusawirirana nemasevhisi ekutanga eGoogleSezvo dzisati dzamboiswa paROM iyoyo, nharaunda yacho inogona kufanotaurwa zviri nyore, mikana yekuti bootloop iite shoma, uye kana paine chikanganiso, zvinowanzo kukwana kudzima data kana kuisa paROM patsva pasina kukuvadza system zvakanyanya.
Ehe, inofanirwa kutakurwa mupfungwa kuti Haasi maROM ese anoshanda zvakaenzana neMicroGZvimwe zvinoda kugadziriswa kudiki, kugonesa mvumo dzakakosha, kana mamwe magadzirirwo mukuchengetedza uye marongero eakaundi. Zvinokurudzirwa Nguva dzose verenga mabhuku eROM uye MicroG yemudziyo iwoyo chaiwo.
2. Shandisa maROM atove anobatanidza MicroG kare
Chechipiri chinoshandiswa chinosanganisira kubheja pamapurojekiti anobatanidza MicroG muROM pachayoMuenzaniso unozivikanwa zvikuru i /e/ ROM (eOS), yakagadzirirwa avo vanoda ecosystem yakazvimirira kubva kuGoogle, ine masevhisi avo uye kunyanya kutarisa zvakavanzika.
Mune maROM aya, MicroG chikamu chekugadzirwa kwesystemMapenji anodiwa ashandiswa, kuenderana nemapurogiramu akasiyana-siyana kwakaedzwa, uye muroyi anowanzo batanidzwa kuti agadzirise account, location services, push notices, uye mamwe mabasa ane chekuita nazvo.
Kubatsira kukuru ndiko Mushandisi anozvichengetera maitiro ese ekubatanidza MicroG nemaoko.Nekuti ROM yakatogadzirira kare. Ingotevera mirairo yekuisa yeROM (kuvhura bootloader, kupenya kubva pakupora, nezvimwewo) uye, kana system yatanga, pedzisa kugadzirisa kwekutanga.
Pamwe chete, Hapana mukana wekugadzirisa zvimwe zvinhu zvemukati meMicroG.Sezvo ROM ichiwanzouya negadziriso yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa nevanhu vose, ichiri sarudzo iri nyore uye yakachengeteka kune vazhinji vashandisi kana mudziyo wavo uine shanduro yakagadzikana yerudzi urwu rweROM.
3. Ongorora ma module eXposed/LSPosed kuti ubatanidze MicroG
Nzira yechitatu inoenderana ne Mamodule anoshandisa maframework akaita seXposed kana LSPosed Kugadzirisa sisitimu iyi kuMicroG pasina kugadzirisa zvachose ROM kana kuisa mafaira eZIP akasimba pachikamu chesisitimu. Iyi nzira inonyanya kuitirwa avo vanoda kuchengetedza stock kana ROM iri pedyo nestock, asi vasina masevhisi epamutemo eGoogle.
Pfungwa yakajairika ndeyekuti module iyi inoshanda semurevereriKugonesa zvinhu zvakaita se "signature spoofing" kana kugadzirisa mafoni emukati kuitira kuti maapplication atende kuti ari kutaura neGoogle Play Services asi, muchokwadi, ari kutaura neMicroG.
Inzira ine simba, asi kwete pasina njodziUnofanira kunge wakaisa framework (izvo zvinoreva kuti une root access muzviitiko zvakawanda), sarudza module yakakodzera, woigadzirisa nemazvo, uye wobva waongorora kuti hapana kusawirirana neganda remugadziri, Android version, kana mashandisirwo esystem yacho.
Nharaunda pachayo inonyevera kuti Mikana yekuti zvinhu zvisafambe zvakanaka kana kuti zvisafambe zvakanaka iripoSaka, kana uchishandisa nzira iyi, zvakakosha kuva nebackup yakanaka — kungave kuburikidza ne backup ye nandroid kubva pakupora kana kushandisa maturusi akazara e backup — usati watanga kubata chero chinhu.
Mazano anoshanda ekuwedzera maakaundi eGoogle uye kushandisa maapplication neMicroG
Imwe yekusahadzika kwakajairika ndeye Ndeipi account yeGoogle yekushandisa pakugadzira MicroGZvakaitika kune vamwe vashandisi zvinoratidza kuti, pakushandisa zvakare maakaundi ekare, maitiro asinganzwisisike anogona kuoneka mune mamwe maapplication, kunyanya paYouTube.
Pave paine zviitiko apo, pakupinda mu account yeGmail yakagadzirwa makore mazhinji apfuuraYouTube yaitanga kutamba mavhidhiyo kwemasekondi makumi matatu kana makumi matanhatu yozomira kamwe kamwe, zvichiita kuti vashandisi vasarambe vachiona zviri mukati nguva dzose. Kuchinja kuenda kuaccount itsva kwakagadzirisa dambudziko kune vashandisi ava.
Saka, kurudziro yakapararira zvikuru ndeye Gadzira account yeGmail chaiyo yekushandisa neMicroGIzvi zvakakosha zvikuru kumasevhisi akaita seYouTube kana maapplication ane matambudziko nemaakaundi ekare. Izvi zvinobatsira kudzivirira kusawirirana kunogona kumuka nekuda kwekuchinja kwemukati meAPI, kuwiriraniswa kwekare, kana marongero akagara nhaka kubva mumakore apfuura.
Pane kudaro, PaGoogle Photos, mamiriro acho ezvinhu anowanzo chinjika.Vashandisi vazhinji vakataura kuti vanogona kutarisira maakaundi akawanda kubva muapp. Isa mifananidzo kubva mugalari kuenda kugore pasina kusangana nematambudziko ekugadzirisa data anowanikwa paYouTube. Izvi zvinokutendera kuti uparadzanise account "huru" ine mapikicha akakosha kubva kuaccount yechipiri yakagadzirwa chete kuderedza zvikanganiso nemamwe maapplication.
Chero zvazvingava, zvinokurudzirwa zvikuru edzai basa rega rega zvishoma nezvishoma.Kutanga, pinda mukati, wobva watarisa kuenderana, zviziviso, kurodha zviri mukati, nezvimwewo. Nenzira iyi, kana paine chikanganiso, zviri nyore kuona kuti ndeipi app kana account chaiyo iri kukonzera dambudziko uye kusarudza kana zvakakodzera kugadzira profile itsva kana kuchinja marongero eMicroG.
Njodzi, bootloops, uye kukosha kwekuchengetedza ma backups
Paunenge uchigadzirisa maROM, masevhisi esystem, uye maframework, Njodzi hadzimboperi zvachose.Kunyangwe kuisa MicroG kuri nyore nhasi kupfuura makore mashoma apfuura, zvichiri kukwanisika kuguma kwava bootloop kana nesystem isina kugadzikana kana ukaisa faira risiri iro, ukasanganisa mavhezheni asingaenderane, kana kushandisa magadzirirwo usinganyatsonzwisisa mhedzisiro yazvo.
Ngano dzakaita sedze Vaiedza kufambisa mafaira eMicroG nemaoko kuenda kumudzi wesystem. Marongero aya anoshanda seyambiro yekudzivirira bootloop. Kukanganisa mumvumo, nzira isina kunyorwa zvakanaka, kana faira rakadzokororwa risina backup zvinogona kureva kuti unofanira kuisazve ROM kubva pakutanga, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa nenguva.
Saka, usati watanga rudzi urwu rwekugadzirisa, chinhu chine musoro chekuita ndechekuti ita zvizere backupsZvakanaka, unofanira kusanganisa mazinga maviri: backup yesystem (nandroid) kubva kucustom recovery uye kopi yemaapplication akakosha nedata, kungave uchishandisa maturusi chaiwo kana nekutumira ruzivo rwakanyanya kukuvadzwa nemaoko.
Izvo zvakare zviri nyore Verenga maROM, MicroG, uye mamodule guides nokungwarira zvatichashandisa. Mudziyo wega wega unogona kuva nezvawo: kubva pakubatanidza zvinhu kusvika kune zvimwe zvinorambidzwa nevagadziri kana matambudziko anozivikanwa nemamwe mavhezheni eAndroid. Kufungidzira ruzivo urwu kunogona kutidzivirira kumatambudziko akawanda.
Nekufamba kwenguva, zvinonzwisisika kuti vamwe vashandisi, mushure memakore vachinetseka nemaitiro ekurwisa Google, vanosarudza kusiya nzira iyoyo nekuda kwenguva yakawanda nesimba zvainodaHavasi vese vanoda kuflash, kuyedza, kugadzirisa, uye kudzokorora maitiro acho kakawanda pese pavanochinja mafoni kana maROM.
Chokwadi ndechekuti, nekuda kwemapurojekiti akaita seMicroG, uye maROM anoibatanidza, maturusi aripo parizvino atovepo, Kushandisa masevhisi eGoogle mumaROM akagadzirwa zviri nani kupfuura pakutanga.Asi zvinoda kuva neruzivo rwakakwana, kusarudza sarudzo inonyatsokodzera purogiramu yedu uye, kupfuura zvose, kuziva njodzi dziripo kuitira kuti bvunzo iri nyore isave dambudziko guru.
Avo vanoshinga kutora danho iri vachariwana paMicroG Imwe nzira inonakidza yekuchengetedza kuenderana nemapurogiramu mazhinji anoenderana neGoogle Play Servicespasina chikonzero chekutevedzera zvizere mitemo yepamutemo yeGoogle, ukuwo uchichengetedza chiyero chakati pakati pekushanda, kuvanzika, uye kutonga mudziyo wacho pachawo.
