Waneta nekuona zviziviso pese paunovhura app kana kushanyira webhusaiti pafoni yako? Mashoko akanaka ndeekuti unogona Deredza zvakanyanya kushambadza paAndroid pasina kuisa imwe appHamufanirwe kuva nyanzvi kana kubvisa mudziyo wenyu: ingobaya pachinhu chakavanzika mugadziriro yacho wosarudza sevha yeDNS chaiyo yaunoshandisa.
Mugwaro iri muchaona, nhanho nenhanho, mashandisirwo azvo DNS yakavanzika yekudzivirira kushambadza, trackers, uye kunyange zvevakuru pa Android uye mubrowser. Tichaongororawo dzimwe nzira dzakakurumbira (kuvharira maapplication, Pi-hole, NextDNS, airplane mode…) kuti uve nemufananidzo wakakwana uye ugone kusarudza sarudzo inokukodzera zvakanyanya.
Chii chinonzi DNS uye nei ichigona kuvharira kushambadza nekutevera?
Kuti unzwisise kuti sei kuchinja DNS kuchibatsira kumisa chikamu chikuru chekushambadzira nekutevera pafoni yakoTinofanira kutanga kubva pakutanga: chii chaizvo chinonzi DNS uye chii chinoita mune zvese izvi?
Kana wanyora kero like www.muzenda.es Kana kuti kana app yakabatana neserver iri kure, mudziyo wako haushande nemazita, asi nenhamba dzinonzi IP addresses. DNS (Domain Name System) inoshanda se Bhuku renhare repa internet rinoshandura mazita emadhomini kuita ma IP addressNguva dzese nharembozha yako painoda kuenda kuwebhusaiti kana kuisa ruzivo, inotanga yabvunza sevha yeDNS.
Danho iri repakati rinoita kuti DNS ive nzvimbo yekudzora inokosha zvikuru. Sevha yeDNS yechinyakare inongopindura kuti ndeipi kero yeIP inoenderana nedomain yega yega, asi sevha yeDNS yakasarudzika inogona kusarudza kusagadzirisa mamwe mafambiroKana chikumbiro chacho chakanangidzirwa kuseva yekushambadzira kana domain inozivikanwa nekuparadzira malware kana kutevera vashandisi, hachipinduri kana kudzorera kero yenhema.
Sisitimu iyi inoenderana zvakakwana nehurongwa hwekushambadzira huripo parizvino: anenge ma ads ese aunoona pamawebhusaiti nemaapplication anobva maseva ekushambadzira uye mapuratifomu ekutevera evamweKana app ikaedza kubatana nemadhomini iwayo kuti idhawunirodhe banner, vhidhiyo, kana tracker, DNS yakasefetwa inozviziva uye inodzivhara ipapo ipapo. Mhedzisiro yacho ndeyekuti Zviziviso zvinotadza kurodha uye ma tracker mazhinji anomira kushanda.
Kunze kwekushambadzira, DNS yaunoshandisa inogona kuburitsa zvakawanda nezvako. Vazhinji vanopa ruzivo rwechinyakare (senge mupi wepa internet yako kana kunyange Google) Vanonyora madomeni aunopinda, kangani, uye kero ipi ye IP.Kunyangwe vasingakwanise kuona zviri mukati chaimo, vanogona kuratidza maitiro ako ekushandisa, masevhisi aunoshandisa, nguva dzaunobatana, uye mapurogiramu ari kushandisa network kumashure. Ndosaka kushandura kuenda kuDNS yakavanzika inotarisa zvakavanzika kusiri kwekungovhara zviziviso chete: zvinobatsirawo ku deredza kukanganiswa kwedhijitari kwaunosiya pese paunoshandisa foni yako.
Zviziviso zvinosvika sei pafoni yako (uye DNS inopinda papi)?
Hazvisi tsaona kuti maapplication mazhinji emahara azere nezviziviso, kana kuti kunyangwe mushure mekuvharwa kweapp, mamwe mabasa ayo anoramba ari kumashure. Mazhinji anobatanidzwa. mamodule echitatu-bato akatsaurirwa kushambadza, ongororo, kana kuteveraMamodule aya anogara achibatana nemaseva ari kunze kwemugadziri mukuru kuti aratidze zviziviso zvemunhu oga uye kuunganidza data.
Nguva dzese paunovhura app ine mabhena, mavhidhiyo, kana kushambadzira kwemukati, kodhi yekushambadza Inotumira zvikumbiro kumadomeni chaiwo enetwork dzezviziviso uye matracker.Zvikumbiro izvi zvinogara zvichipfuura nepaDNS: kutanga domain ye ad server inogadziriswa, uye zviri mukati zvinotorwa. Kana, padanho iroro, DNS server ikasarudza kuvhara resolution, ad haimbotakurwa.
Maseva eDNS akagadzirirwa kusefa basa rekushambadzira ne runyorwa rwakakura kwazvo rwemadhomini ekushambadzira nekuteveraKana vakaona chikumbiro kune chero ipi zvayo yemadhomini iwayo ane zvakanyorwa, vanoshandisa mutemo wekuvhara. Kune mushandisi, izvi zvinoshanduka kuita mapeji akachena uye maapplication anoramba achishanda, asi ikozvino nekushambadzira kushoma.
Ehe, hurongwa uhwu hausi hwemashiripiti: zviziviso zvakaiswa zvakananga muzviri mukati (semuenzaniso, zvakaiswa muvhidhiyo pachayo kana zvakagadzirwa mukati meapp pasina kubatana nemadhomini ekushambadzira ekunze) Hazvigone kugara zvichivharwa uchishandisa DNS chete. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, mukushandiswa kwezuva nezuva, shanduko muzviitiko inoonekwa, nekuti kushambadzira kwakawanda kunonyanya kukanganisa uye nhamba yakanaka yevanoteedzera vakanyarara vanonyangarika.
Maseva eDNS anokurudzirwa kuvharira kushambadza uye kuvandudza zvakavanzika
Mumakore achangopfuura, sarudzo dzakawanda dzeveruzhinji dzeDNS dzakabuda, pamusoro pekugadzirisa madomain, dzinonyanya kutarisa pa vhara zviziviso, ma tracker, uye kubatana kune njodziZvimwe zvezvinonyanya kufadza kushandisa paAndroid (nezvimwe zvishandiso) ndeizvi zvinotevera.
AdGuard DNS: Inovhara kushambadzira, ma tracker, uye zvemukati zvevakuru
AdGuard ikambani inozivikanwa zvikuru munyika yekudzivirira kushambadzira. Pamusoro pemapurogiramu ayo, inopawo sevhisi yeruzhinji yeDNS yemahara ine kusefa kwakavakirwa mukatiiyo yaunogona kushandisa pasina kuisa chimwe chinhu chekuwedzera. Chipo chayo chine nzira dzakasiyana siyana zvichienderana nezvaunoda kuvharira.
Kune Android, nzira yakajairika ndeyekugadzirisa DNS yakavanzika nehost:
- dns.adguard-dns.com - Inovhara kushambadza uye ma tracker pamawebhusaiti nemaapplication.
Kana paine vana vari kudzimba dzavo kana kuti muchida kuwedzera kutonga, puratifomu imwe chete iyi ine chimiro chakasimba che vharawo zvinyorwa zvevakuru uye vhura SafeSearch kana zvichibvira. Kazhinji, izvi zvinoitwa nehost chaiyo, inozivikanwa, yakaita se:
- mhuri.dns.adguard-dns.com kana zvimwe zvakafanana zvakanangana nekuchengetedzwa kwemhuri.
Kuwedzera kune aya maTLS host, AdGuard inopawo kero dzekare dzeDNS (IPv4 neIPv6) uye nzira dzisina kusefa Kune avo vanongoda kushandisa zvivakwa zvavo vasina kuvhara chero chinhu. Sarudzo idzi dzinobatsira munzvimbo dzedesktop dzakadai seUbuntu kana Debian, kwaunogona kuisa ma IP eseva nemaoko mukugadzirisa kwenetiweki kana mumafaira esystem akadai se /etc/resolv.conf wotangazve network kuti ushandise shanduko dzacho.
InoteveraDNS: Nhamba dzekudzivirira dzepamberi uye dzenguva chaiyo
Kana uchida kuenda mberi uye kuva Kudzora kwakanaka kwazvo pane zvakavharika nezvisiri.NextDNS mhinduro ine simba zvikuru. Inoshanda zvakafanana neDNS yeruzhinji yakasefetwa, asi ine account yako yega yaunotsanangura runyorwa rwako, mitemo, uye mazinga ekudzivirira.
Mushure mekunyoresa pawebhusaiti yavo, unogona kuvhura mafirita e Vimba ma tracker kubva kumakambani makuru akaita seGoogle kana AppleRondedzero dzeAnti-ad, madhomini ane njodzi, nezvimwe zvakawanda. Zvese izvi zvinotarisirwa kubva paneri rinooneka zvakanyanya kwaunogona zvakare kuona Nhamba dzezvikumbiro zveDNS kubva kumidziyo yako panguva chaiyo.
Papeji rezviverengero izvozvo unogona kuongorora ndedzipi nzvimbo dzakaedza kubatana nadzo mudziyo wega wegaZvikumbiro zvipi zvakavharirwa, riini, uye kubva kunyika ipi kana network. Unogona kutogadzirisa kusefa nekukurumidza: kana ukaona chimwe chinhu chiri kuvharirwa, unochiisa pane runyorwa rwemvumo; kana ukaona domain inofungirwa, inoirambidza pamidziyo yako yese.
Muzvirongwa zveNextDNS, pazasi chaipo, uchawana chikamu chine mafomati akasiyana-siyana ekubatanidza. Kune Android, tinofarira chikamu che "DNS pamusoro peTLS/QUIC"iyo inopa host yakasiyana yeprofile yako. Ndiyo host yauchazoda kuisa mumagadzirirwo eDNS akavanzika pafoni yako kuitira kuti traffic yese yeDNS ipfuure neNextDNS kutanga, uchitevera mitemo yako.
Dambudziko guru ndiro muganho wemubvunzo: NextDNS inopa zvikumbiro zvemahara zvinosvika mazana matatu ezviuru pamwedziPamudziyo mumwe chete, zvinowanzova zvakakwana, asi kana ukagovana nemidziyo yakawanda, ungangoda kufunga nezvezvirongwa zvavo zvakabhadharwa. Mukutsiva, unowana mwero wekutonga uye kuonekwa kwakaoma kuenzana nemamwe maseva eDNS eruzhinji.
Mamwe maseva eDNS anonakidza anotarisa pakuchengetedza zvakavanzika uye kuchengetedzwa
Kunze kweAdGuard neNextDNS, kune mamwe masevhisi eDNS ave kufarirwa nekuda kwekutarisa kwavo pa kuchengeteka uye kuvanzikaZvisinei, hazvisi zvese zvinoshambadzwa zvinovharwa zvine simba kudaro:
- dns.quad9.netYakatarisana nekuchengetedzeka. Inosefa zvinongedzo kumadomeni ane chekuita nemalware, phishing, uye njodzi dzinozivikanwa, ichivimba neruzivo kubva kumasangano akasiyana-siyana.
- dns.googleInokurumidza uye yakagadzikana, ichiramba ichiwanikwa zvakanaka. Zvisinei, Haisi sarudzo yakavanzika zvakanyanya, sezvo iri yeGoogle uye ichigona kunyora metadata yekubhurawuza.
- all.dns.mullvad.net y adblock.dns.mullvad.netMaseva eDNS anotungamirirwa nechikwata cheMullvad, kambani inopa VPN ine mukurumbira wakanaka wekuti haina ma "logs". Mamwe emaprofile aya anosanganisira ad uye tracker blocking.
- family.freedns.controld.comSevhisi yeControlD yakagadzirirwa kubatanidzwa muma network epamba uye kuwedzera mafirita zvevakuru, kushambadzira, uye kutevedzera pasi peamburera imwe chete.
Imwe neimwe inopa mazinga akasiyana ekudziviriraAsi vese vane pfungwa imwe chete yekusefa ma domains anopikisana usati watanga kubatana. Chinhu chikuru ndechekusarudza iyo inoenzanisa zvakanyanya, kwauri, zvakavanzika, mashandiro, huwandu hwezviziviso zvakavharirwa, uye kuvimba nemupi wezviziviso.
Ungachinja sei DNS yakavanzika pa Android kuti uvhare kushambadza?
Android ine gadziriro inonzi Yakavanzika DNSIzvi zvinokutendera kuti ushandise DNS yakavharidzirwa (DNS pamusoro peTLS) pasina kuisa chero maapplication. Ndizvo chaizvo zvaunoda kuti masevhisi akaita seAdGuard DNS kana NextDNS ashande padanho resystem, uchivhara zviziviso nezvinoteedzera pane anenge traffic yese.
Matanho acho anogona kusiyana zvishoma zvichienderana nedanho rekugadzirisa, asi pamafoni matsva maitiro acho anogona kuitwa Chinja DNS yakavanzika paAndroid Zvakafanana zvikuru neizvi:
- Vhura iyo marongero emidziyo.
- Pinda chikamu Kubatana o Network uye Internet, zvichienderana nerudzi rwako.
- Tarisa sarudzo inonzi Yakavanzika DNSKana usingazvioni pamutsetse wekutanga, zvinowanzoonekwa mu "Zvimwe zvirongwa zvekubatanidza" kana mumamenyu epamusoro.
- Mubhokisi rinobuda pachena, sarudza "Mupi weDNS wepachivande" (kana sarudzo yakafanana inokutendera kuti unyore host).
- Isa kero yeseva yeDNS yaunoda kushandisa pakusefa ad kana tracker.
Semuenzaniso, kana uchida kuti Android ishandise AdGuard's public DNS yemahara ine ad blocking, unogona kuisa chimwe chinhu chakadai sehost:
- dns.adguard-dns.com - kuvharira zviziviso nezvinoteedzera padanho remudziyo.
Kana uchida kushandisa nhoroondo yemhuri ine kuseta zviri mukati mevanhu vakuru pamwe nekushambadzira nekutevera, uchafanira kunyora URL chaiyo ye "mhuri" mode iyo AdGuard inotsanangura mumagwaro ayo, kazhinji inomiririra yakafanana ne mhuri.dns.adguard-dns.com kana zvakaenzana.
Kana uri NextDNS, mushure mekunyoresa nekugadzirisa zvinyorwa zvako pawebhusaiti yavo, uchafanirwa kuenda kuchikamu chekugadzirisa wokopa kukosha kwakakodzera ku "DNS pamusoro peTLS/QUIC"Tambo iyoyo chaiyo ndiyo host yauchazoda kuisa mumunda weDNS wakavanzika paAndroid.
Kana ukachengetedza shanduko, zvikumbiro zvese zveDNS zvinoitwa nesystem yako zvichave Dzinonyorwa uye dzinotumirwa kune mupi webasa akasarudzwa.Kubva panguva iyoyo zvichienda mberi, maapplication nemawebsite zvichatanga kuratidza zviziviso zvishoma (zvichienderana nekukasira kwesefa) uye kuteverwa kwakawanda kwevanhu vechitatu kuchavharwa.
Gadzirisa DNS ne ad blocking mubrowser chete
Ungasade kubata DNS padanho resystem wobva wasarudza Dururirai kuvharira zviziviso pawebhu cheteKana zvakadaro, mabrowser mazhinji anokutendera kuti usarudze DNS yako yakachengeteka, iyo inotangira pane Android DNS.
Maitiro acho anowanzoitwa neGoogle Chrome yeAndroid:
- Vhura Chrome wobva waisa menyu yezvigadziriso (chiratidzo chine madonhwe matatu).
- Enda kuchikamu "Zvekuvanzika & Chengetedzo".
- Tsvaga iyo sarudzo "Shandisa DNS yakachengeteka" kana zvakafanana.
- Sarudza sarudzo "Sarudza mumwe mupi webasa" kana kuti “Mupi weZvigadzirwa”.
- Isa URL yeDNS yakasefetwa nead mufomati inodiwa neChrome.
Kana iri AdGuard DNS, Chrome haingogamuchire host chete; inoda URL yerudzi rweHTTPS yeDNS pamusoro peHTTPS (DoH)Muenzaniso wakajairika wemaitiro ekudzivirira kushambadzira ungave wakaita seizvi:
- https://dns.adguard-dns.com/dns-query - MaURL eDoH anoshandiswa neChrome kugadzirisa madomain akasefetwa.
Kana mupi weprofile yemhuri aine zvimwe zvinovharira (zvevanhu vakuru, SafeSearch, nezvimwewo), muchava neURL yakafanana asi ine chekuita nemodhi iyoyo chaiyo. Zvakakosha kuremekedza fomati chaiyo yeURLNekuti kana paine chikanganiso kana chidimbu chisipo, browser haizokwanisi kushandisa DNS yakachengeteka uye ichadzokera kuDNS yakajairika.
Ramba uchifunga nezvechinhu chimwe chete chakakosha: DNS yakagadzirirwa muChrome ndiyo inonyanya kukosha kupfuura Android DNS.Izvi zvinoreva kuti kana wakagadzirisa system yako neDNS inovhara zviziviso nezvinyorwa zvevakuru, asi ukasarudza DNS yakasiyana muChrome inovhara zviziviso chete, unogona kukwanisa kuwana mawebhusaiti evakuru kuburikidza nebrowser. Ichi chinhu chekurangarira kana uri kugadzirisa foni yako yevana kana vamwe vashandisi.
Dzimwe nzira dzekudzivirira kushambadza pa Android
Kushandiswa kweDNS yakavanzika pamwe nekusefa, mazuva ano, ndeimwe ye nzira dziri nyore uye dzinoshanda kune vashandisi venguva dzose avo vasingade kuomerwa nekushandisa mamwe maapplication kana magadzirirwo epamusoro. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, zvakakosha kuti uongorore dzimwe sarudzo dzinowanzo kurudzirwa kuti uwane ongororo yakajairika.
Mapurogiramu ekudzivirira kushambadzira akavakirwa paDNS kana paVPN
Kune akawanda maapplication anovharira kushambadzira aripo paGoogle Play uye mamwe marepository ayo gadzira profil yeVPN yemuno kana DNS yakakosha kusefa traffic yemudziyo wako. Mamwe mazita anozivikanwa anosanganisira AdGuard (shanduro yeapp), Blokada, AdAway, uye RethinkDNS, pakati pemamwe.
Zvishandiso izvi zvinowanzopa Mabhuroko akagadziridzwa, mitemo yakasarudzika, uye kuchinjika kwakawanda pane kungochinja DNS yako. Dzimwe, dzakadai seRethinkDNS kana AdAway, dzinoshanda zviri nyore uye dzinokutendera kuti uone mashandiro adzo mukati. Dambudziko nderekuti, nekushanda seVPN yemuno, dzinogona kushandisa bhatiri rakawanda nezvinhu, kunyanya kana dzikasefa kubatana kwega kwega nemitemo yakawanda.
Kana ukakoshesa zviri nyore uye usinganetseki nekuisa mamwe masoftware, anogona kuva imwe nzira ine simba. Asi kana zvauri kutsvaga zviri izvo Usaise chimwe chinhu chekuwedzera asi bata chete gadziriro imwe chete yesystemKuchinja kubva pakupa DNS yega kuenda kune inopa kusefa kunowanzova kwakachena.
Pi-hole uye AdGuard Home: Kuvharira network yepamba
Kune vashandisi vepamusoro-soro, pane mukana wekugadzira chinodzivirira zviziviso pa network yese uchishandisa Raspberry Pi kana imwe small home server. Mhinduro dzakadai sePi-hole kana AdGuard Home dzinoshanda seDNS yemuno kune ese maturusi akabatana neWiFi yako.
Pfungwa yacho ndeyekugadzirisa router kuti ishandise server yako yePi-hole kana AdGuard Home se sevha yeDNS yekutangaKubva ipapo zvichienda mberi, chero nharembozha, tablet, komputa, kana Smart TV inobatanidza kune network iyoyo ichapinda mufirita imwe chete uye ichaona zviziviso nezvinoteverwa zvishoma, pasina chikonzero chekugadzirisa chimwe nechimwe.
Nzira iyi inoshanda zvikuru uye inogona kushandiswa zvakasiyana-siyana, asi ine matambudziko makuru: Zvinoda michina yekuwedzera, bhajeti shoma, nguva, uye ruzivo rwehunyanzvi.Unofanira kuisa sisitimu iyi, kuigadzirisa, kuvhura mamwe maports panetwork, uye kuziva kugadzirisa matambudziko angangoitika ekubatanidza. Yakanakira nharaunda dzemumba dzinodzorwa, asi haikwani pane "hapana chakaiswa pafoni yako".
Nzira yendege yekudzivirira kushambadza mumitambo isina internet
Pane nzira iri nyore asi inobatsira mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo: Shandisa airplane mode kudzivirira kurodha kushambadzira mumapurogiramu asingade internet.Mitambo yakawanda iri nyore, macalculator, notepad, nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa zvinoshanda zvakanaka pasina internet, asi zvinosanganisira mamodule ekushambadzira anongoshanda chete kana paine network access.
Muzviitiko izvozvo, ingo tanga Nzira yendege usati wavhura appSezvo foni yako yapera data neWi-Fi, ma ad server haagone kupindura uye ma ads haakwanise kurodha. Zvisinei, unogona kushandisa app iyi kana isingade ma online services.
Zvisinei, nzira iyi ine zvipingamupinyi zvakajeka: Hazvina kukodzera kubhurawuza paindaneti, kana kumapurogiramu anoda kubatana nguva dzose. (online multiplayer, social media, streaming, nezvimwewo). Ingori nzira imwe chete yekuderedza kupindira mumitambo nematurusi ekunze pasina kuisa blockers kana kuchinja DNS.
Mhedzisiro pakuchengetedzwa kwezvakavanzika nekuchengetedzwa pakuchinja DNS
Kuchinja magadzirirwo eDNS pafoni yako hakungokanganisi kushambadza chete. Kunewo zvazvinoita zvakananga pa... kuti traffic yako inofambiswa sei uye kuti ndiani anoona zvauri kuedza kushanyiraNekushandura kuenda kuDNS yakavanzika uye, zviri nani, iyo inotsigira encryption (TLS, HTTPS, QUIC), unoderedza huwandu hweruzivo runogona kuunganidzwa nemakambani ako ekutakura kana ekubatanidza.
DNS inotarisa zvakavanzika inowanzo kanganisa kusanyora nhoroondo yekukumbira kwako Dzinochengeta metadata shoma kwenguva pfupi. Pamusoro pezvo, dzakawanda dzinosanganisira runyorwa rwemadhomini ane hukasha anobatsira kudzivirira kubatana nemawebhusaiti ephishing, mapeji anoparadzira malware, kana maseva anoedza kushandisa zvipingamupinyi.
Kunyangwe zvakadaro, zvakakosha kurangarira kuti DNS yakavanzika Hazvitsivi VPN yakazara uye hazvivharidzi traffic yeseChinonyanya kuchengetedzwa kubvunza madomain, kwete zviri mukati mezvaunoita mukati mewebhusaiti yega yega kana app. Kuti uwane dziviriro yakakwana (semuenzaniso, kana uchishandisa network dzeWi-Fi dzeveruzhinji kazhinji), musanganiswa we VPN yakavimbika + DNS ine kusefa Ndiyo mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka kwazvo.
Kune vashandisi vazhinji, zvisinei, kungochinja DNS yemafoni avo kuita mupi ane mukurumbira ane tracker uye ad blocking yatove... kusvetuka kukuru mukuvanzika uye nyaradzoPamwe chiyero chakanakisa chekuedza nesimba/mabhenefiti chaunogona kuwana nekuisa Android imwe chete.
Tichifunga nezvese zvatakaona, danho rakakosha kune vazhinji rinowanzo kuve Gadzira DNS yakavanzika yekusefa paAndroid (senge AdGuard DNS kana NextDNS profile yakagadzirwa) Uye, kana uchida kungwarira zvakanyanya, unogona zvakare kugadzirisa DNS yakachengeteka mubrowser yako kuti ienderane.
Nenzira iyi unoderedza chikamu chakanaka chekushambadzira kunonetsa, unomisa ma "silent trackers" akawanda, uye unowedzera imwe nhanho yekuchengetedza, pasina kuisa maapplication akakomba kana kuomesa hupenyu hwako zvakanyanya ne "advanced setups". Goverana ruzivo urwu uye vamwe vashandisi vachadzidza maitiro ekuvhara zviziviso neDNS.