Mumakore achangopfuura takabva pakuzvirumbidza nekuva nefoni ine kamera ye8 kana 12 megapixel kusvika pakuona mamodheru anoshambadza. masensa e108, 200 kana kupfuura megapixelsMashoko ekushambadzira akajeka: nhamba dzakawanda, mapikicha ari nani. Asi kana ukatora mufananidzo nefoni ye12 MP uye imwe nefoni ye200 MP, kazhinji mhedzisiro yacho haisi yakasiyana sezvaungatarisira… kana kuti munhu anotokunda neresolution yakaderera.
Kana iwe uchinetseka kuti MaMegapixels mumafoni akakosha zvikuru Kana kuti zvese izvi zviri kungotaurwa nepfungwa huru, ramba uchitaura, nekuti tichazvitsanangura takadzikama. Uchaona kuti ma pixels nema megapixels chii, kuti zvinokanganisa sei kunaka kwemufananidzo, kuti ndezvipi zvinokanganisa nharembozha, uye zvimwe zvinhu zvaunofanira kufunga nezvazvo pakusarudza kamera yako inotevera yefoni.
Chii chinonzi ma pixels nema megapixels ari mukamera?
Pikseli ndicho chikamu chidiki pane zvese zvemufananidzo wedhijitariPikseli kadoti kadiki kana sikweya keruvara rumwe chete, pamwe chete nemamwe mamiriyoni, zvinoumba mufananidzo wakazara waunoona pachiratidziro. Zvese zvinoonekwa pafoni yako kana pakombiyuta—mifananidzo, zvinyorwa, mamiriro ekumashure, mapikicha, mavhidhiyo—zvakavakwa kubva pamadoti aya madiki.
Kana ukaswedera pedyo nemufananidzo zvakanyanya, pane imwe nguva yausingachakwanisi kuona maumbirwo akatsanangurwa uye unotanga kusiyanisa masikweya ane mavara akaparadzaniswa zvakajekaZvauri kuona mapikiseti anoumba mufananidzo, hwaro hwemufananidzo wedhijitari.
Mukutora mifananidzo yedhijitari, huwandu hwese hwemapikiseli hunotsanangura resolution yemufananidzoMufananidzo wakagadzirwa nemapikiseli mashoma uchaita se "wakavharika," une mipendero yakakombama uye diki diki. Kusiyana neizvi, mufananidzo une mamiriyoni emapikiseli unogona kuratidza zvidimbu zvidiki uye mitsetse yakatsetseka, chero bedzi kamera yasara yakaenzana.
Megapixel imwe chete yakaenzana nemapikiseli miriyoni imweInzira inoshanda yekudzivisa kutaura kuti foto ine mapikiseli 12.000.000 asi panzvimbo pezvo kutaura nezve 12 MP. Kana kamera ikatora mapikicha e12-megapixel, zvinoreva kuti mufananidzo wega wega wekupedzisira une mapikiseli angangoita mamiriyoni gumi nemaviri akapararira muhupamhi nekukwirira kwawo.
Kuti uzvione nemanhamba chaiwo, ingowedzera mativi maviri emufananidzo: mufananidzo we1920 × 1080 pixel (watinoti Full HD resolution) une zvinopfuura zvishoma 2 megapixels resolution yakazaraMufananidzo we6000 × 4000 pixels unenge uri pa24 MP. Saka, kukosha kwemegapixel hakusi kwemashiripiti, kungowedzera zviri nyore.
Chii chinoshandiswa chaizvo pamafoni efoni (megapixels)?
Pafoni mbozha, nhamba yemamegapixels inoratidza saizi yepamusoro yemifananidzo iyo sensor inogona kugadziraKana nharembozha yako iine kamera huru ye12 MP, zvinoreva kuti mifananidzo yayo ichave inosvika 4000 × 3000 pixels (nhamba chaiyo inosiyana zvichienderana nefomati, asi ndiyo pfungwa yakajairika).
Mukuita, ma megapixels anoshandura kuita zvinhu zviviri: saizi yefaira uye resolution yemufananidzoMufananidzo we50 MP unotora nzvimbo yakawanda yekuchengetera pane we12 MP uye unobvumira kudhinda kukuru kana kuchekwa kwemifananidzo yakawanda pasina kurasikirwa neruzivo rwakadaro.
Kushandiswa kwefoni mbozha — kutora mapikicha kuti uone pachiratidziro, kugovera pasocial media, kana kuatumira kuburikidza neWhatsApp— chisarudzo chekupenga hachidiwiMazhinji emascreen haatomboshandisi 50, 100, kana 200 MP iyo vamwe vagadziri vanoshambadza. Kutaura zvazviri, maapplication mazhinji anoderedza saizi yemufananidzo usati waiisa.
Mamegapixel anogona kuita mutsauko ndepapi pazvinouya pa kudhinda muchimiro chakakura kana kuita zvidimbu zvine simbaKana uchida kuisa madziro pamadziro uchishandisa posita hombe kana kucheka chinhu chidiki kubva pamufananidzo wochichengeta chakapinza, kamera ine resolution yepamusoro inogona kukubatsira.
Ndosaka mamwe mafoni achiramba ari pa12, 24 kana 50 MP asi achiramba achiwana mhedzisiro inoshamisa. Apple yave ichibhejera 12 MP kwemakore. Apple yaishandisa ma iPhones ukuwo vamwe vagadziri vachizivisa masensa e64 kana 108 MP, asi vanhu vazhinji vakaenzanisa mapikicha uye vaida aApple. Chinhu chakakosha hakusi huwandu hwema megapixels chete.
Ma megapixel akawanda zvinoreva kuti mapikicha ari nani here?
Mhinduro pfupi ndeyekuti Kwete, ma megapixel akawanda haavimbise kuti mifananidzo iri naniKuwedzera resolution kunongoratidza kuti kamera inotora mapoinzi akawanda, asi hazvitauri kuti mapoinzi iwayo akanaka sei kana kuti anogadziriswa sei mushure mezvo.
Mutori wemifananidzo ane hunyanzvi saIker Morán anopfupikisa izvi muchidimbu: mamegapixel Vanotsanangura mufananidzo nehukuru hwefairakwete hunhu hwayo hwemukati. Mufananidzo we100 MP uchava wakakura kupfuura we12 MP, asi hausi kunyanya kutaridzika zvakanaka kana kuti wakachena kana tichitarisa ruzha.
Kutaura zvazviri, nharembozha dzine masensa e200 MP dzakaedzwa kuti mufananidzo wadzo wakanaka sei Muchokwadi, haina kushanda zvakanaka kupfuura mafoni ekare e12 MP.Kazhinji, kana tichienzanisa nemakamera ehunyanzvi e40 kana 50 MP, mafoni aya e200 MP haana kunyatsojeka, ane dynamic range, uye mashandiro asina chiedza chakawanda.
Chikonzero ndechekuti, pafoni, nzvimbo yesensa ishoma kwazvo. Kana uchiwedzera resolution pasina kuwedzera saizi chaiyo yesensa, nzvimbo yakawanda inofanira kuiswa. mapikisi akawanda panzvimbo imwe cheteIzvi zvinoreva kuti pixel yega yega idiki, inowana chiedza chidiki, uye, mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, inogadzira ruzha rwakawanda uye ruzivo rusina basa.
Mukutora mifananidzo, huwandu hwechiedza chinotorwa nepfungwa yega yega ye sensor hunokosha. Mapikisheni makuru anounganidza mafotoni akawandaDzinoita zviri nani mumifananidzo yakasviba, dzinoratidza mavara akachena, uye dzinotsungirira zviri nani kugadziriswa mushure mekugadziriswa. Mamegapixel madiki akawanda ari pasensa diki anogona kunzwika seanoshamisa pabhokisi, asi kwete zvakanyanya mugallery yemifananidzo.
Basa rehukuru hwesensor uye saizi yepikisiki yega yega
Kuti tinzwisise kuti nei zvisiri zvema megapixel chete, tinofanira kutarisa saizi ye sensor uye saizi ye photodiode yega yega (“hukuru hwepikiseli” hwakakurumbira hunoyerwa muma micrometer). Ndiwo mafananidzo edhijitari efirimu remifananidzo rekare: nzvimbo inotorwa chiedza.
Mumamiriro akaenzana, Sensor yakakura inowanzopa mufananidzo wakanakaIne nzvimbo yakakura yekuunganidza chiedza, inowanzopa nzvimbo iri nani yekuchinja-chinja—ndiko kuti, inobata zviri nani mavara akajeka nemimvuri yakadzika munzvimbo imwe chete— uye inobvumira kutamba kwakawanda nehupamhi hwemunda.
Kana tikaenzanisa makamera maviri, rimwe rine 12 MP riri pasensor hombe uye rimwe rine 100 MP riri pasensor diki kwazvo, zvinogoneka kuti Iyo ine 12 MP imwe ichakunda. Kana tichitaura nezvekupinza kwechokwadi, ruvara, uye mashandiro ehusiku, pixel imwe neimwe ichave yakakura mumuviri, zvichiita kuti iwane chiedza chakawanda uye igadzire chiratidzo chakachena.
Mamwe mafoni ane masensa makuru zvichienderana nemazinga awo, ane mapikiseti e1,2 µm, 1,8 µm, kana kunyange 2,4 µm mune mamwe mamodheru chaiwo. Nhamba iyoyo, kunyangwe iri diki papepa, Izvi zvinoita mutsauko mukuru zvichienzaniswa nemasensa ane 0,6 µm pixels.apo kamera inofanira kurwisa zvakanyanya ruzha rwemagetsi uye kushandisa simba rayo pakugadzirisa ruzha.
Izvi zvinotsanangura chikonzero nei foni yepamusoro ine 48 kana 50 MP "chete" ichigona kupa mhinduro dziri nani pane foni yepasi pasi ine nhamba dzinoshamisa muhunyanzvi hwayo. Saizi ye sensor, optics, uye kugadzirisa zvese zvinodhura mari.Uye mufoni yakachipa kazhinji hapana bhajeti rezvese izvozvo, zvisinei nekuti mangani ma megapixels ari kushambadzwa.
Kuisa Pixel mu "binning": nei foni yako ye200MP ichitora mifananidzo ye12MP
Kuti vatsive zvipingamupinyi zvemasensa madiki uye saizi yakaderera yepixel, vagadziri vazhinji vanoshandisa nzira inonzi pixel kubhainaChaizvoizvo, mapikiseti akawanda chaiwo anounganidzwa kuita "super pixel" imwe chete pakugadzira mufananidzo wekupedzisira.
Mukuita, nzira iyi inosanganisa ruzivo kubva, semuenzaniso, Mapikisheni e4, 9 kana 16 ari pedyo mune imwe. Mugumisiro wacho mufananidzo wekupedzisira we resolution yakaderera (12, 16, 20 MP, nezvimwewo) asi nekupenya kukuru uye ruzha rushoma, sezvo data rechiedza rakaunganidzwa munzvimbo iyoyo ye sensor richiwedzerwa pamwe chete.
Ndosaka zvakajairika kuti nharembozha ishambadzwe kuti ine 108 kana 200 MP Gadzira mapikicha e12 kana 20 MP pasina chikonzeroKuti utore mifananidzo pa resolution yepamusoro, unowanzo fanirwa kuisa modes dzemenu yepamusoro, dzinowanzovanzwa zvishoma, uye mugadziri wacho haakurudzire kudzishandisa nguva dzose.
Chii chinobatsira kuva nema megapixel akawanda kudai kana akapedzisira "aderedzwa" kuburikidza ne pixel binning? Mukufunga, nzira iyi inobvumira kutamba nenyika mbiriKupenya kwakanyanya kana chiedza chiri chakanaka uye uchida ruzivo rwakanyanya, uye kupenya kushoma asi kwakanaka nekuisa mapikiseti mumapoka kana mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma.
Pakupedzisira, ruzhinji rwevashandisi havadi kana kuda mafaira e40, 60 kana 80 MB pamufananidzo wega wega. Mifananidzo ine resolution iri pakati nepakati inogadziriswa zviri nyoreZvinoiswa mugore nekukurumidza, zvinotora nzvimbo shoma, uye zvichiri kujeka zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwezuva nezuva.
Muganho wepanyama: optics, diffraction uye processing
Kunze kwesensa, kune mumwe muenzi akakosha papati iyi: magirazi ekamera yefoniMa module e optical ari mufoni madiki uye ane miganhu yakajeka yemuviri. Kunyangwe ukashandisa sensor ye400 MP, kana lenzi isingakwanise kugadzirisa ruzivo rwakawanda kudaro, akawanda ema pixels iwayo anorasika.
Optical physics inotsanangura chinonzi "Optical physics" muganho wekuparariraPane imwe nzvimbo inodarika iyo, zvisinei nekuti tinowedzera sei resolution ye sensor, kupinza kwemufananidzo hakuchagadzirisiki zvakanyanya. Muma optical systems madiki seari mufoni, muganho uyu unosvikwa nekukurumidza kupfuura zvaingadiwa nemadhipatimendi ekushambadzira.
Tinofanirawo kufunga nezvekumanikidzwa kwazvinoita pa processor yefoni. bata mafaira makuru ekugadzirisaKuwedzera kwega kwega kwema megapixels kunowedzera basa rema algorithms ekutarisa, kuderedza ruzha, HDR, night mode, nezvimwewo, uye izvi zvinoreva kushandiswa kwesimba rakawanda, kupisa kwakawanda kunobva mukugadzirwa, uye kuda kukuru kwekurangarira.
Mufananidzo we200MP RAW unogona kurema zviri nyore pakati pe40 ne80MB. Kana ukatora mapikicha akawanda akadaro nekukurumidza, Bhatiri rinonzwa izvozvo uye nzvimbo yekuchengetera zvinhu mukati inonyangarika nekukurumidza.Ndosaka nharembozha dzakawanda dzichiganhurira kushandiswa kwemamodhi aya nguva dzose uye dzichikurudzira kuti dzichengeterwe mamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo.
Zvese izvi zvinotungamira kune izvo nyanzvi zhinji dzinoti "nzvimbo inotapira" yekugadzirisa mafoni: nekuda kwekushandiswa kwakawanda, Pakati pe12 ne50 megapixels inoshanda zvakakwana kupfuuraKufambira mberi kune zvigadziro zvepamusoro kunopa mabhenefiti chete mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo uye akakodzera.
Zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha pamhando yemifananidzo yefoni
Kunyange hazvo ma megapixels achisarudza saizi yemufananidzo, hunhu hwekupedzisira hunoenderana nekusanganiswa kwezvinhu. optics, sensor, aperture, stabilization, uye softwareHazvina basa kuzvirumbidza nekugona kugadzirisa dambudziko kana zvimwe zvinhu zvisipo.
Chinhu chekutanga chekucherechedza ndicho kunaka kwelenziLenzi ine kugadziriswa kwakanaka kwemaziso inodzivirira kukanganiswa, kushanduka kwechromatic, uye kurasikirwa nekupinza pamipendero. Kuvhurika kwakanyanya, kunoratidzwa nenhamba inozivikanwa ye f, kunosarudza kuti chiedza chingapinda zvakadii: kana kukosha kwakaderera (f/1.5, f/1.8…), ndipo panoshanda system zvakanaka mumamiriro ekunze asina chiedza chakawanda.
Kutanga kunoshanda nenzira yakasiyana chaizvo nezvinofungwa dzimwe nguva: Nhamba diki ye f inoratidza mukana mukuru.Semuenzaniso, lenzi ye f/1.5 inopinza chiedza chakawanda kupfuura lenzi ye f/4.9. Muchokwadi, izvi zvinoshandura mifananidzo yakajeka, ruzha rushoma, uye mikana yekugadzira yakawanda nekusajeka kwemashure.
Chimwe chinhu chakakosha kuvapo kwe kudzikamisa mufananidzoIngave ye optical (OIS) kana ye electronic (EIS), kugadzikana kunoderedza simba rekudengenyeka kudiki pakupfura, izvo zvinowanzoitika kana wakabata foni neruoko, uye zvakakosha muzviitiko zvehusiku kana uchishandisa zoom, uko kufamba kupi zvako kunowedzera.
Nhasi, zvakare, chikamu chikuru chemhedzisiro yekupedzisira chinoenderana ne software yekugadzirisa uye ungwaru hwekugadzira iri kuseri kwekamera. Paunotora mufananidzo, foni haingochengete "zvinoonekwa" nesensa chete; inogadzirisa zvakawanda muma milliseconds: kugadzirisa ruvara, kuwedzera kusiyana, kuvandudza dynamic range, kuderedza ruzha, uye kunyange kuona zviitiko.
HDR, Night mode uye mamwe mashiripiti ekugadzirisa
Pakati pezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha zvesoftware yemifananidzo iripo pari zvino pane HDR (High Dynamic Range) kana kuti nzvimbo ine simba rakawanda. Nzira iyi inosanganisira kutora mifananidzo yakati wandei yefuremu imwe chete ine mavara akasiyana—mamwe akajeka, mamwe akasviba—uye kuabatanidza kuita mufananidzo mumwe chete.
Nekubatanidza mapikicha aya, nharembozha inokwanisa tora ruzivo mumumvuri nepamusoro-sorokudzivirira denga rakaputika kana nzvimbo dzakasviba zvachose. Mugumisiro wacho, kana ukashandiswa nemazvo, mufananidzo wacho wakaenzana uye unofadza, unobatsira zvikuru mifananidzo ine chiedza chekumashure kana kuti nemusiyano mukuru muchiedza.
Chimwe chinhu chakafanana chinoitika kune maitiro ehusiku nedzimwe nzira dzekombiyutaFoni inotora mapikicha akawanda ane marongero akasiyana, inoagadzirisa kuti akwanise kufambisa, uye inoabatanidza kuti awedzere nhanho yechinhu, kuderedza ruzha, uye kuburitsa ruzivo rwatisingakwanise kuona nemaziso edu.
"Magic" yesoftware iyi inotsanangura kuti sei mabrandi akaita seApple, Huawei, Samsung, kana mamwe mamodheru eXiaomi neOppo achikwanisa mifananidzo inoshamisa kunyangwe pasina nguva dzose ine nhamba yepamusoro yemegapixelVapedza makore akawanda vachivandudza maalgorithms, uye izvi zvinoonekwa muzviitiko chaizvo.
Kusiyana neizvi, mumafoni asingadhuri, kugadzirisa zvinhu zvine hukasha dzimwe nguva kunoshandiswa zvakanyanya kugadzirisa dambudziko iri. miganhu yemuviri ye sensor ne lensMhedzisiro yacho inogona kuva mavara asinganyatsooneki, kusiyana kwakanyanyisa, kana magadzirirwo anotaridzika kunge akapendwa. Zvakare, izvi zvinoratidza kuti nei zvisingakurudzirwi kuvimba chete nenhamba yeMP.
Unoda ma megapixel mangani zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwaunoita?
Mubvunzo mukuru unoshanda ndewekuti: Mangani ma megapixels anokwana foni? Mhinduro yacho hainyanyi kuenderana nenhamba chaiyo asi kuti chii chauchaita nemifananidzo yako zuva nezuva.
Kana kushandiswa kwako kukuru kuri govera mifananidzo pamasocial network, ione pafoni yako kana pakombuta Uye kana uchizogadzira kopi yepepa yakajairika nguva nenguva, kamera ye12-20 MP inokwana. Mazhinji masikirini nemapuratifomu anoyera saizi yemifananidzo, saka hauzobatsirike nehukuru hwakanyanya.
Kana iwe kazhinji bvisa mapikicha zvakanyanya kana kuadhinda muchimiro chakakura (Semuenzaniso, kana tichitarisa saizi dzemaposta), zvine musoro kusarudza masensa e24, 48, kana 50 MP. Kana resolution yekutanga yakakwira, cropping yakawanda yaunowana pasina pixelation kana mufananidzo "wakapfava" unoonekwa.
Mukutora mifananidzo kwehunyanzvi—mafashoni, zvigadzirwa, nzvimbo, kushambadza—zvisarudzo zvepamusoro zvinokosheswa nekuti zvinobvumira bvisa mafuremu akasiyana kubva pamufananidzo mumwe chete kana kugadzira mifananidzo mikuru uku uchichengetedza kupenya. Asi izvo hazvisi izvo zvinowanzoitwa nevazhinji vanoshandisa mifananidzo vanongotora mifananidzo nemafoni avo chete.
Unofanirawo kufunga izvozvo Ma megapixel akawanda anoreva mafaira makuruMifananidzo iyi inotora ndangariro yakawanda, inotora nguva yakareba kutamiswa, uye inoda simba rakawanda rekugadzirisa kuti igadziriswe. Kana mifananidzo yacho ichizodzvanywa pasocial network, imwe yemhinduro iyoyo inotambisa.
Mukutaura kunoshanda: kune vanhu vazhinji, nharembozha ine optics yakanaka, sensor inonzwisisika, uye iri pakati pe12 ne50 MP inoshandiswa zvakanaka. Inopa chiyero chakanaka pakati pemhando, kuchinjika, uye saizi yemafaira.Kupfuura izvozvo, zvinopinda munzvimbo yekuda kana kushandiswa kwakanangana.
Zvese izvi zvinotisvitsa kupfungwa inofanira kupiswa mupfungwa dzako: MaMegapixel ndiwo anosarudza saizi yemufananidzo, kwete mhando yawo.. Pakusarudza kamera yefoni yako inoteveraZvakakosha kutarisa resolution, hongu, asi pamusoro pezvose, tarisa saizi ye sensor, aperture, kuvapo kwekugadzikana kwemufananidzo, uye, kana zvichibvira, mienzaniso chaiyo yemifananidzo yakatorwa nemodhi iyoyo. Ndipo paunonyatsoona kuti ndeapi mafoni akaenzana zvakanaka uye anovimba chete ne specs dzinoshamisa.
