Kana uine foni yekare iri kuungana guruva mudhirowa, ungasafanira kutenga kombiyuta diki kuti uishandise. Iyo foni inoita kunge yakagadzirira kuraswa ichiripo, mukati memoyo, kombiyuta yakazara yeLinux yakaputirwa muchassis diki, ine sikirini, bhatiri, WiFi uye processor inokwana mabasa akawanda.
Pfungwa ye batanidza nharembozha iyoyo kune monitorKuisa keyboard mu "desktop" uye kuishandisa sekombiyuta diki haisi pfungwa itsva. Kwemakore, nharaunda dzevashandisi dzave dzichirota kuita izvozvo chaizvo. shandisa Android senzvimbo yekumhanyisa sisitimu chaiyo yeLinuxKungave kuburikidza ne virtualization, chroot, containers, Termux, kana zvakananga nekutsiva Android ne mobile distribution uchishandisa nharaunda dzakadai seSXMO, tichatarisa nhanho nhanho zvese zvaunogona kuita nhasi kuti ushandure smartphone yekare kuita Linux terminal inoshanda.
Nei zvichikosha kushandura smartphone yekare kuita Linux terminal
Runako rwekuyedza uku kwese nderwekuti, kunyangwe mugadziri achiitengesa se "foni mbozha chete", mukati mako mune sisitimu yeLinux yakachekwa-chekwa yakagadziriswa zvinoenderana nehurongwa hweAndroidChiri kukudzivisa haisi hardware, asi layer yakagadzirirwa kuvhura touch apps, social networks, nemitambo, kwete yekuunganidza kodhi kana kugadzirisa maseva.
Kana ukakwanisa kugadzirisa nzvimbo yakaita seDebian, desktop yakareruka, kana interface iri nyore seSXMO, foni iyoyo inongoerekana yashandurwa kuita rudzi rwenzvimbo yebasa inowanikwa nguva dzoseUnogona kuibatanidza ne monitor uchishandisa cast kana cable, kubatanidza Bluetooth keyboard ne mouse, uye kuishandisa pamabasa ekugadzira, kure administration, kana kudzidza Linux.
Uyezve, pane chikonzero chakajeka chekuchengetedza nharaunda: nharembozha yega yega yaunoshandisa zvakare ndeye Chishandiso chimwe chete chinopedzisira chava marara emagetsiPane kusiya yako yekare Galaxy, Honor, kana Huawei yasara, unogona kuishandisa zvakare semini server, testing equipment, kana 24/7 command console ine simba shoma.
Kune avo vari kushandisa Linux padesktop, kugadzirisa mhinduro idzi pa Android zvinoreva nzvimbo yakajairika asi iri muchimiro chinofamba zvakanyanyaGoko, mapakeji, zvinyorwa, zvishandiso zve network… zvese zvinonzwa zvakafanana, zvinongoiswa muhomwe screen.
Virtualization mu Android: Debian mukati me terminal app
Chirongwa cheAndroid Open Source Project (AOSP) chakaratidza kuti Google iri kushanda pane chimwe chinhu chakakomba: application yeterminal yakabatanidzwa musystem pachayo iyo inotanga muchina weDebian virtualHaisi console yako yakajairika ine limited, asi sisitimu yakazara yeLinux inoshanda mukati meAndroid, uchishandisa fomati ye virtualization.
Pfungwa yacho ndeyekuti sarudzo yakaita seiyi ichaonekwa mumagadzirirwo. "Nzvimbo yekuvandudza Linux" kana "Linux terminal"Kuivhura kwaizodhawunirodha mufananidzo weDebian, kugadzirisa muchina wevirtual, uye kukubvumidza kuti uvhure terminal iyoyo yepamusoro chero nguva yaunoda. Zvese izvi zvaizongova chimwe chinhu cheAndroid pamafoni, mapiritsi, uye kunyange mamwe maChromebook.
Chinangwa cheapp iyoyo ndechekuti ukwanise Gadzirisa nzvimbo yekuchengetera yakagoverwa kuVM, gadzirisa zvikamu, fambisa maports, uye gadzirisa maparameter ekugadzirisa zvakanakaIzvi zvakafanana nezvawaizoita pakombiyuta ine hypervisor. Sisitimu iyi inoenderana nekuti mafoni mazhinji anoshandisa ARM, uye Debian ine rutsigiro rwakakura rwekuvaka ikoko, saka mashandiro anogona kuremekedzwa.
Maitiro aya ane mukana mumwe chete mukuru: Hazvikanganisi Android, hazvidi kuti mudzi wekombiyuta uwane, kana zvimwe zvigadziriso zvisinganzwisisike.Debian inogara mumuchina wayo chaiwo, yakaparadzana nevamwe, asi ine mukana wekubatanidza network, nzvimbo yekuchengetera zvinhu, uye pamwe hardware yakaita sekhibhodi kana zvishandiso zvekupinda.
Kune vanogadzira mapurogiramu, vatariri vemasystem, kana vashandisi vepamusoro, izvi zvinovhura mukana wekuti kushandisa nharembozha senzvimbo diki yekuvandudza nekuyedzaUnogona kuunganidza mapurojekiti, kugadzira masevhisi ekuyedza, kuita mabasa otomatiki uchishandisa zvinyorwa, kugadzirisa maGit repository, uye zvese izvi pasina kuvimba nePC huru.
Mhedzisiro paAndroid: kubva pakushandisa manomano nguva nenguva kusvika pakubatsira chaiko
Zvinganzwika sechishuwo chisina basa, asi Google kuisa Linux terminal yakakomba muAndroid kune migumisiro yakaipa. Kana vagadziri vakakwanisa Edza uye gadzirisa maapplication zvakananga paPixel yako kana mapiritsiKugadzira mapurogiramu kunovandudzika, zvikanganiso zvinoonekwa kare, uye mhando yemapurogiramu inogona kuwedzera.
Kusvika pari zvino, chero munhu aida chimwe chinhu chakafanana aifanira kushandisa zvishandiso zvevamwe (Termux, midziyo, chroots, nezvimwewo) zvine mazinga akasiyana ekugadzirisa. Nemhinduro yepamutemo, Izvi zvinoguma nekugadzikana, kuchengetedzeka, uye kuenderana mune ramangwana.Uye izvozvo zvinokurudzira vanhu vazhinji kushandisa mhando idzi dzemabasa.
Zvisinei, zvese zvinoratidza kuti iyi terminal yakabatana ndiyo inotanga kusvika paPixel range uye pa Android yazvino. pamwe kutanga ne Android 16Panguva iyi, isu vamwe vashandisi tinoramba tichivimba nemhinduro dzenharaunda kuti tishandise Debian kana nharaunda dzakafanana paAndroid.
Kunyangwe ukangoshandisa foni yako paWhatsApp nepasocial media chete, shanduko iyi inobatsira: Maturusi ari nani evagadziri anoreva kuti mapurogiramu ekupedzisira ari naniPakupedzisira, ecosystem yese inobatsirwa nekushanda zviri nani neAndroid neLinux.
SXMO: nzvimbo ine hunyanzvi hwekushandisa nharembozha dzeLinux "dzakachena"
SXMO ndeimwe yemapurojekiti ayo anoita seakagadzirirwa avo vanofarira kugadzirisa zvese. Chirevo chayo ndechekuti, "zvishoma. nharembozha. inogona kubhuroka.", chinotsanangura zvatiri kubata nazvo. nzvimbo yakareruka, yakatarisana nechekupedzisira yakagadzirirwa masikirini madiki, kure nekusanganiswa kwezvinhu zvinoitwa pa Android kana iOS.
Kusiyana nekumhanyisa Linux "mukati" me Android, SXMO inowanzo shandiswa se chikamu cheinterface muzvikamu zveLinux mobile zvakaiswa natively Pafoni. Kureva kuti, pamidziyo inoenderana, Android inonyangarika uye nharembozha inova muchina weLinux wakazara, ine SXMO sechiso chayo cheruzhinji; kunewo dzimwe nzira nemapurojekiti akafanana akadai se GNOME Mobile nePhosphor vanotevedzera pfungwa imwe chete ye minimalist.
Panyaya yekudzokorodza foni kuita terminal, SXMO yakakodzera kana chinangwa chako chiri chekuti inoshanda zvakanyanya muchimiro chemavara, ine maapplication akareruka uye kushandisa keyboard zvakanyanyaZvakafanana nekuva necommand console inogara yakabatidzwa muhomwe mako, iine zvinhu zvishoma zvinobatsira kuona.
Zvisinei, kuti usvike ipapo unofanirwa kukwanisa kuvhura bootloader wobva waisa imwe ROM, chimwe chinhu chinoita kuti Izvi hazvigoneki nguva dzose pamafoni emazuva ano ekutengeserana.Vagadziri vazhinji vanovhara nzira iyi zvakanyanya, saka SXMO inongogumira kumamodheru chaiwo kana zvishandiso zvakagadzirwa kubva pakutanga kusvika kumusoro zveLinux yemafoni.
Termux: iyo terminal yakakosha yeLinux yeAndroid
Kunyange zvazvo Google ichiburitsa mhinduro yayo yepamutemo, imwe yemhando dzekare dzakanaka kune avo vanoda Linux pamafoni avo iTermux. Iyi app yawana mukurumbira wayo nekuti Inopa nharaunda yeterminal iri padyo zvakanyanya nekugoverwa kweLinux kwakajairika.nemaneja wepakeji, nzvimbo yakakwana yekuchengetera zvinhu uye Mirairo inobatsira yeTermux.
NeTermux unogona kuisa mitauro yekuronga mapurogiramu yakaita sePython, Ruby, PHP, Node.js, Rust kana JavaKuwedzera kune zvishandiso zvekugadzira zvakaita seGit, GCC, Make, nezvimwe, inosanganisirawo zvishandiso zvekutonga zvakaita seSSH, rsync, uye kunyange maseva ewebhu nedatabase, zvichikubvumidza kuti ugadzire mini lab usingabve paAndroid.
Kuti utonge mapakeji, Termux inokurudzira murairo uyu pkg senzira iri nyore yekushandisa kuti ikwaniseChiputiro ichi chinokubatsira kuti usagare uchinetseka nezve "apt updates" uye chinoita kuti kuisa nekugadzirisa software kuve nyore uye kuri nyore.
Kana uchinetseka nezvekubatanidza Termux nema workflows ako akajairika, unogona kukopa yako madotfiles kubva kunzvimbo yeGit uye dzokorora magadzirirwo ako eshell, mupepeti, mazita evamwe, nezvimwewo. Pamusoro pezvo, kune mapakeji ekugadzirisa mapassword ane pass ne gnupg, kuwana maseva ari kure kuburikidza ne opensh, kana kushandisa mashell epamusoro senge fish ane zvishandiso zvemazuva ano (zoxide, starship, ripgrep, lsd, bat, atuin…).
Unogona zvakare kushandura Termux kuita nzvimbo ine simba yekugadzirisa nekugadzirisa nekuisa Neovim nemapulagi ayo akajairikaUkangwarira zvishoma pakugadziriswa, unopedzisira wava nechimwe chinhu chakafanana nekugadzirwa kwedesktop yako, asi chichishanda muhomwe mako, chakabatana nemidziyo yako yekuchengetedza uye zvivakwa zvako zviri kure kuburikidza neSSH.
Kuisa Debian kana zvimwe zvinogoverwa pa Android pasina kubata bootloader
Kana uchida Linux distro yekare pamusoro pe Android, uye usingakwanise (kana kuti usingade) kuvhura bootloader, pane zvimwe zvinonakidza zvepakati. Vanhu vanga vachinyora nzira dzakavakirwa pa [unclear - pamwe "bootloader" kana "bootloader"] kwemakore. chroot, midziyo, uye maseva eX paAndroid kuunganidza nharaunda dzakakwana dzemifananidzo.
Imwe nzira yechinyakare inosanganisira kushandisa Linux Deploy pamafoni ane midzi. Chishandiso ichi ndicho chinoita kuti Gadzirira system yemafaira, dhawunirodha gwaro rekugovera (rakaita seDebian), uye rigadzirire kushandiswa. mu server mode kana nharaunda yemushandisi, inowanikwa kubva pamudziyo pachawo kana kubva kunze kuburikidza ne network, inobatsira kune Shandisa nharembozha yako sesevha yemuno kuti uedze nekukurumidza.
Imwe musanganiswa wakakurumbira, kunyanya kana usina root access, ndeye GNURoot Debian pamwe chete neXServer XSDLGNURoot Debian inoisa nharaunda yeDebian yakakwira mukati meAndroid, ukuwo XServer XSDL ichishanda sesevha yemifananidzo kuratidza desktop yeLinux.
Maitiro akajairika ekugadzirisa uku ndeekuti: unoisa GNURoot Debian, woivhura, wobva wagamuchirwa neconsole. Kubva ipapo, unomhanyisa "apt-get update" wobva watanga. Unoisa nzvimbo yedesktop yakareruka seLXDE ne "apt-get install lxde"Maitiro aya anogona kutora nguva, nekuti anotora mapakeji akawanda anodiwa kuti zvese zvishande.
Wobva wawedzera maturusi ekutanga, semuenzaniso xterm, iyo Synaptic package manager, uye rutsigiro rweodhiyo ne pulseaudioNemurairo wakafanana newakuti “apt-get install xterm synaptic pulseaudio”. Izvi zvinokupa, munzvimbo yeDebian, graphical terminal emulator, software “store”, uye ruzha runobuda pamapurogiramu anoenderana.
Panguva imwe chete, unoisa XServer XSDL. Kekutanga paunoimhanyisa, inokukumbira Dhawunirodha mafonti, seti resolution uye DPIZvadaro zvinongoratidza skrini yebhuruu, yakamirira kuti desktop iri kure ibatane kubva kuDebian.
Wobva wadzokera kuGNURoot Debian wobva watumira zvimwe zvinhu zvakatikomberedza, semuenzaniso: DISPLAY=:0 uye PULSE_SERVER=tcp:127.0.0.1:4712Izvi zvinoudza sisitimu kuti ndeipi graphics uye sound server yekubatanidza. Pakupedzisira, vhura desktop ne "startlxde &" wobva wadzorera kuXServer XSDL, uko LXDE yako inofanira kunge yakagadzirira kushandiswa.
Nenzira iyi unogona kuisa online chero application kubva kunzvimbo dzako dze distro dzekuvaka maARM...nguva dzose iri mukati memiganhu yeRAM yefoni uye nzvimbo yekuchengetera. Mabrowser akareruka, maeditor emashoko, maSSH client, ma audio player, uye ma file manager anoshanda pasina dambudziko chero bedzi hardware ichigona kuibata.
Kubatanidzwa ne Android kwakanaka zvine mwero: Unoshandisa mukana wekuti system ine WiFi uye data connection.Saka haufanirwe kugadzirisa network kubva pakutanga muLinux. Kana ukabatanidza kiyibodi yeBluetooth kana kubatanidza USB peripherals inozivikanwa neAndroid, inogona kushandiswawo mukati meLinux desktop pasina kana kugadzirisa kwakawanda.
Kana uchida kufambira mberi, unogona kutumira mufananidzo kubva pafoni yako kuenda kuTV kana monitor uchishandisa Chromecast kana chimwe chinhu chakafanana. Nenzira iyi, foni yako inova... kombiyuta diki yeLinux yakabatana nechidzitiro chekamuri yekutandarira, ine kiibhodhi isina waya nemouse, yakakwana pabasa remuhofisi rakareruka, kubhurawuza pawebhu uye mabasa ekutarisira ari kure.
Miganhu yekushanda uye ruzivo rwemushandisi rwechokwadi
Papepa, pfungwa iyi inokwezva, asi zvakanaka kuti tirambe takamira. Mhinduro idzi dzese, kungave kushandisa virtualization, chroot, kana Termux, Vanoda zvakawanda kubva kumafoni kupfuura zvazvakagadzirwa pakutanga.Pane imwe layer iri kushanda pasi payo (Android), uye izvi zvinoreva kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa uye imwe faindi.
Kunyangwe pamafoni aimboonekwa seanosvika pakati nepakati, akadai seNexus 6 kana mafoni akaenzana nawo pari zvino, Desktop yakazara yeLinux inononoka zvakanyanya kupfuura paPC yakajairika.Kuvhura maapplication akawanda anorema, kugadzirisa mawindow akawanda, kana kuva nemasevhisi ekumashure kunogona kuva dambudziko kana RAM kana nzvimbo yekuchengetera isina kukwana.
Mashoko akanaka ndeekuti, pamabasa mazhinji ekombuta uye manejimendi emwenje, Linux paARM inoita zvakafanana zvikuru neLinux pa x86Kugadzirisa mafaira, kutarisira masevhisi, kutanga zvinyorwa zvidiki, kutarisira makontena, kana kufambisa mafaira zvinofamba zvakanaka pamidziyo yakanaka yemakore mashoma apfuura.
Kune munhu anoda kuseka, chokwadi chekuti ane sisitimu yeLinux inoshanda inogara iri muhomwe mako Zvinopfuura kutsiva zvipingamupinyi zvekushanda. Kukwanisa kugadzira sevha yewebhu yekuyedza, kugadzirisa mapakeji, kuita otomatiki mabackup, kana kuyedza network kubva pafoni chiitiko chinonetsa.
Chinokosha kugadzirisa zvinotarisirwa: magadzirirwo aya haasi kuzotsiva laptop yako yebasa, asi Ehe, vanogona kufukidza mabasa mazhinji echipiri kana emergencyuye dzakakwana serabhoritari yekudzidza usingatyi kutyora midziyo yako mikuru.
Chii chinoitika kana usingakwanise kuvhura bootloader?
Chimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha kana munhu achifunga nezvekubatidza Linux "zvakakomba" pafoni ibootloader. Kana pasina mukana wekuwana boot manager, Haugone kuisa imwe ROM kana kutsiva Android nekugovera kwakazara kwenharembozhazvisinei nekuti hardware yacho inobvumira zvakadini.
Mune mamwe mamodheru, akadai seSamsung A54, Honor 10 Lite, kana Huawei Mate 20, Zvipingamupinyi zvemugadziri zvinogona kuvharira zvachose bootloader kuti isavhurwe. Kana kuti vanozviita zvine njodzi zvekuti hazvina kukodzera kushanda nesimba. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, kanganwa nezvekuwedzera SXMO nenzira yechinyakare: nzira iyoyo yakavharwa.
Zvisinei, hazvina kushata. Unogona kushandisa nzira dzinoshanda kubva kuAndroid chete, dzakadai seGNURoot Debian + XServer XSDL, Termux, kana dzimwe nzira dzakafanana. Haungawani imwe system yakakwana yekutsiva, asi uchawana Linux nharaunda inokwanisa., yakakwana pamabasa ekupedzisira, maseva madiki uye kuyedzwa kwemapakeji.
Kana chinangwa chako chiri chikuru Iva neterminal yakanaka, edza neDebian, kana kuti gadzira sevha inowanikwa kuburikidza neSSH.Sarudzo idzi dzakachengeteka uye hadzinyanyi kushungurudza pane kuedza kumanikidza bootloader pamidziyo isina kugadzirirwa iyo.
Mukutaura kunoshanda: kana pasina nzira yepamutemo, yakanyorwa, uye yakachengeteka yekuivhura, chinhu chakanyanya kungwara chekuita ndeche Shandisa mhinduro dze "pamusoro pe Android" uye kanganwa nezve kupenya kwakadzikakunyanya kana foni ichiri kukosha uye usingade kuisa pangozi yekusagona kushandiswa.
Zvinodiwa zvishoma uye maitiro akanakisa usati watanga
Usati watanga kuisa nzvimbo dze distros ne desktop pa Android device yako yekare, zvakanaka kuti uongorore zvimwe zvinhu zvinokosha. kusamira pakati pemaitiro achoChinhu chekutanga chekutarisa inzvimbo yekuchengetera zvinhu: kuti pave nenzvimbo yakareruka yekuisa desktop ine maapplication akakosha, nzvimbo yemahara inosvika 3 GB inowanzo kurudzirwa.
Kana uchironga kuisa mamwe mapakeji, maseva edatabase, maIDE, kana kuwedzera akawanda emultimedia, Kana uine nzvimbo yakawanda, zviri nani.Rangarira kuti mufananidzo we distro, mapakeji akadhawunirodhwa, uye data remushandisi zvinogona kukura nekukurumidza, kunyanya pamafoni ane nzvimbo inononoka yekuchengetedza.
RAM neSoC zvinokoshawo. Nzvimbo ye console chete ine masevhisi mashoma ekumashure inogona kushanda zvakanaka kunyangwe pamidziyo midiki, asi Desktop yakazara, kunyange iri nyore, inobatsira nekuva neRAM yakawanda uye CPU yakanaka.Kana nharembozha yako ichinetseka nemapurogiramu emazuva ano, ingatonyanya kunetseka nehurongwa hweLinux hune graphical.
Musakanganwa nezvekuchengetedzwa. Kuisa mapakeji kubva kunzvimbo dzinovimbika, kuvhura maports zvisina tsarukano, kana kusiya masevhisi asina mapassword inzira yekukonzera njodzi. Kunyangwe iri foni yekare, Yakabatana ne network yako uye inogona kushata. kana usingazvitarisire nenzira imwe chete yaungaita sevha yepamba.
Pakupedzisira, gadzira ma backups. Usati wapinda mudambudziko nema partitions, root access, kana maturusi ane hukasha, Ita shuwa kuti data rako rakakosha rakachengetekaUye kana nharembozha ichiri kushandiswa semudziyo wekuchengetedza data, funga nezvekuchengetedza Android isina dambudziko uye kusarudza mhinduro dzakadai seTermux, macontainer, kana ma terminal apps chete.
Mashandisirwo anoshanda emudziyo wekare weAndroid wakashandurwa kuita Linux terminal
Kunze kwenyaya ye geeky, foni inoshandurwa kuita Linux inogona kushandiswa pazvinhu zvakakomba. Nyaya yakajairika ndeyekuigadzirisa se mini server inogara iripo yemapurojekiti emunhu, semuenzaniso se sevha yefaira repamba rakachengeteka: web server yakareruka, API yakagadzirwa kumba ye otomatiki, bot yemeseji, sevha yekuchengetedza kana node yeimwe network yeP2P.
Kushandiswa kwesimba refoni hakunyanyi kukosha kana tichienzanisa nekushandisa PC kana sevha yechinyakare, saka yakakodzera masevhisi asingade simba rakawanda asi anofanirwa kushanda maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva, mazuva manomwe pasvondo. NeDebian, Termux kana nzvimbo dzakafanana, une maturusi mazhinji aungashandisa paseva yakajairika..
Muchina wakanakawo wekudzidza Linux usingatyi. Unogona kuushandisa Dzidza maitiro ekuisa Linux pafoni yeAndroid uye edza ne terminal, file system, vashandisi, mvumo, mapakeji, uye masevhisi pasina kubata komputa yako huru. Kana paine chikanganiso, unogona kudzima installation ye Android wotanga patsva.
Kune vanogadzira mapurogiramu, kuva neDebian kana yakafanana zvakananga pafoni kunokutendera kuti Edza zvinyorwa, tarisa zvinoenderana nazvo, unganidza mapurojekiti akareruka, kana gadzira nzvimbo dzekuyedza Chero kwaunenge uri. Uine kiyibhodhi yeBluetooth uye, kana uchida, monitor yekunze, une "plan B" yakanaka kwazvo kana chimwe chinhu chikakubata usina laptop yako.
Uye kana uchida masisitimu mashoma, gadzira setup yakavakirwa paSXMO (pamafoni mashoma anoenderana nayo) kana pa kusanganiswa kwezvikumbiro zveDebian pamwe nekureruka Inzvimbo yakanaka kwazvo yekutamba nayo kuti ugadzirise mashandiro ako. Kubva pawindow manager kusvika kuma keyboard shortcuts, unogona kugadzirisa zvese sezvaunoda.
Pakupedzisira, kushandura smartphone yekare kuita terminal yeLinux ichishandisa SXMO, Debian, Termux kana terminal ye Android yemuno Hazvichisiri kurota, asi chimwe chinhu chinogoneka zvizere nenguva shoma uye chido chekugadzirisa. Pakati pemhinduro dzepamutemo dziri kuwanikwa, maturusi agara aripo munharaunda, uye simba rinogamuchirwa remafoni mazhinji ekare, zviri nyore kubva pakuva nemudziyo wakakanganwa mudhirowa kusvika pakunakidzwa nekombuta diki inogara yakagadzirira kudzidza, kugadzira, uye kuderedza marara etekinoroji.
