Android yave ichishandira Material Design kwemakore, asi neMaterial You yatora danho rakakura kuenda ku kugadzirisa kwakadzama kwakavakirwa pamapepa ako emadziroHazvisi zvekungochinja ma icons mashoma kana kuchinja kuita rima, asi ndezvekuti system yese ichinyatsoenderana nemavara aunosarudza, uku uchichengetedza mukana wekusvikika uye dhizaini yakafanana.
Iyi pfungwa itsva yekugadzira, iripo kubvira Android 12 uye yakawedzerwa mu Android 13, inosanganisa mavara anochinja-chinja, kufamba-chinja, uye mawidget akagadziriswazveMugumisiro wacho chiitiko chinoonekwa chinonzwa sechivanhu uye chine manzwiro, asi panguva imwe chete chichiremekedza basa revagadziri, vagadziri, uye mabrandi anoda kudzora hunhu hwavo hwekuona.
Chii chinonzi Material You kana Material Design 3?
Zvinhu Iwe, unozivikanwawo se Chigadzirwa Dhizaina 3Ndiyo shanduko yazvino yeGoogle yekugadzira sisitimu yeUX/UI interfaces. Haisi kungotaridzika kwemifananidzo chete, asi seti ye nhungamiro, zvikamu uye maalgorithms izvo zvinobvumira kuvaka ma interface akafanana pamafoni, mapiritsi, mawachi nezvimwe zvishandiso zveAndroid.
Kusiyana neshanduro dzekare dzeMaterial Design, Material You inotarisa pane kutaura kwemunhu uye kugadzirisa zvinoenderana nemushandisiPfungwa yacho ndeyekuti vanhu vaviri vane foni imwe chete vanogona kuva neinterface yakasiyana zvikuru, asi vese vari vaviri vanoramba vachishandiswa, vari nyore kushandisa uye vachienderana nehurongwa hweAndroid.
Nerunako, iyi iteration inosarudza nzira zvishoma uye zvakapfavaMimvuri yakaoma mishoma, maitiro akasiyana ekunyora mashoma, maumbirwo akatenderera, uye chitarisiko chakachena. Zvese izvi zvinosanganiswa nehurongwa hwemavara hwakaoma, hunokwanisa kugadzira mavara ese kubva kuruvara rumwe chete.
Chinonakidza ndechekuti Material You haina kungogumira pane Google PixelMaitiro ekugadzira mavara akasiyana-siyana uye nhungamiro dzekugadzira dzakatambanudzirwa kune akawanda matanho ekugadzirisa akadai se Imwe UI, OxygenOS, ColorOS, OriginOS kana MIUI, nerutsigiro rwakananga kubva kuGoogle kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mashandiro acho anowirirana pamidziyo mizhinji inoshandisa Android 12 uye gare gare.
Manzwiro, hunhu hwemunhu uye kuchinja kwemaonero
Zvinhu Zvaunowana zvinobvawo mukufungisisa manzwisisiro atinoita dhizaini yedhijitari. Google inoti interface haifanirwe kungopindura mashandiro chete, asiwo ku... manzwiro emushandisi, manzwiro akeSaka izwi riri mu "Material You" rava kushandiswa: mudziyo uyu unofanira kunge wakasiyana newe, kwete kufanana nemamiriyoni evanhu.
Kwemakore, iOS ne Android zvave zvakaoma zvikuru panyaya dzekushanda. kugadzirisa UI chaiyoKunze kwekuchinja kumashure, kuwedzera widget, kana kuisa launcher, sarudzo dzaive shoma. NeAndroid 12 neMaterial You, Google inodzokorora zvishoma pfungwa yeshoko rayo rekare rekuti, "Ivai pamwe chete, kwete zvakafanana," nekutarisa pane ecosystem yakafanana asi ine ma interfaces akagadzirirwa mushandisi wega wega.
Pfungwa iyi inopesana nehurongwa hweApple, hunotarisisa zvakanyanya pane nharaunda yakavharwa uye inodzorwa zvakanyanya uko ruzivo rwekuona runosiyana zvishoma pakati pevashandisi. Kune rumwe rutivi, Google inobvumira kugadzirisa chitarisiko zviri nani pasina kukanganisa mashandiro eapplications zvakanaka zvakafanana pamabrandi nemamodheru akasiyana.
Zvinhu zvitsva zvikuru zveMaterial You
Zvinhu Zvaunoda Unounza nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuvandudza zvinhu dzinobatana kuti dzigadzire ruzivo rwakakwana: kugadzirisa kwakadzama, mavara anochinja-chinja, kuchinjika, uye kufamba kune chinangwaZvese izvi zvinotsigirwa nehurongwa hwakasimba hwehunyanzvi hunogona kushandiswa nevagadziri, vagadziri, nevagadziri vemapurojekiti zvakafanana.
Deep interface customization
Chimwe chezvishanduko zvikuru ndechekuti mushandisi anogona kugadzirisa chitarisiko chesystem kusvika padanho rakanaka. Android inokwanisa rongazve mavara, nzvimbo, mabhatani, uye zvinhu zvinodzora kuitira kuti zvienderane nependi yakagadzirwa kubva pamadziro emadziro kana ruvara rwakasarudzwa nemaoko.
Kugadzirisa uku kunosvika kuma status bar, zviziviso, ma menus, quick panel, ma settings, ma apps eGoogle, uye, zvishoma nezvishoma, kuma apps echitatu anobatanidza Material Design 3. Pfungwa ndeyekuti mushandisi aone ruzivo rwekuona rwakafanana kubva pakuguma kusvika pakuguma, pasina kusvetuka kamwe kamwe kwemavara pakati pesystem nemaapplication.
Kuchinjika kune zvidzitiro uye zvinhu zvechimiro
Zvinhu Unowedzerawo simba re kuchinjika kwema interfaces kune akasiyana mafomati echidzitiroIzvi zvinosanganisira nharembozha dzechinyakare, matablet, mawachi ekuona, uye zvishandiso zvinopetwa. Pfungwa imwe chete yeruvara, manyorerwo, uye nzvimbo inogadziriswa kuitira kuti interface ive yakasununguka kushandisa mune zvese zviri kuitika.
Panyaya yefoni dzinopetwa, Google yakatsanangura nhungamiro dzakananga pazvinhu zvakaita se kugona kusvika kwezvinhu, hinge yepakati, uye marongero akaomararaSemuenzaniso, 25% yepamusoro yechidzitiro chakavhurika inoonekwa seisina kunaka kusvika, saka zvinokurudzirwa kuti usaise zviito zvekutanga ipapo, uye ruzivo rwakakosha harufanirwe kuiswa zvakananga pamusoro pehinge.
Kufamba uye mhinduro dzekubata
Kufamba kuri muMaterial You hakusi kwekungoratidzwa chete. Android 12 inosuma mhedzisiro ye Kufamba kwakanyanya kwakavakirwa pakutambanudza kwakabatanaKana mushandisi akaedza kupfuudza kupfuura magumo erondedzero, pamusoro payo panobva patambanuka zvakanaka panzvimbo pekuratidza kupenya kwekare kwekusvetuka.
Pamusoro pezvo, ma "ripple animations" ari pa "tap" akagadziridzwa kuti ape " mhinduro dzakapfava uye dzakapfava dzemashokoGoogle inokurudzira vagadziri kuti varambe vachiita maitiro aya pedyo nezvinodiwa, kuitira kuti maapplication aite zvinhu nenzira inofanotaurwa pasinei nedanho rekugadzirisa.
Mavara anochinja-chinja: moyo wezvinhu zvako
Chinhu chikuru chechikamu chitsva ichi ndicho sisitimu yemavara inoshanduka, inozivikanwa mukati seMonetKutanga neAndroid 12, sisitimu inogona kubvisa ruvara rwakakosha kubva pako Wallpaper kana ruvara rwakatsanangurwa rwekutanga uye zvinogadzira otomatiki palette yakazara inoshandiswa kune system nemaapplication anoenderana.
Sisitimu iyi inoshandisa nzira yehunyanzvi yakasarudzika inosanganisa nzvimbo yemavara CAM16, mapalette etoni uye mabasa emavaraChinangwa ndechekuchengetedza kuverenga kwakanaka, kusiyanisa kwakakwana, uye runako rwakanaka mune zvese zviri zviviri nzira dzakareruka nedzakasviba, kunyangwe mushandisi akasarudza wallpaper dzakaoma kunzwisisa.
Kushanda kwekugadzira mapaleti muMaterial You
El maitiro ekusika Kushandiswa kwemavara anochinja-chinja kunogona kupfupikiswa mumatanho akati wandei akanyatsotsanangurwa, kunyangwe paine masvomhu akawanda emavara pasi apa:
- Kubviswa kweruvara rwembeu zvichibva pamufananidzo wepamadziro, zviri mukati meapp, kana ruvara rwakagadzika rwakasarudzwa nemushandisi kana kambani.
- Kushandurwa uye kuongororwa munzvimbo yeCAM16 kuwana toni, chroma, nezvimwe zvinoyera maonero.
- Kugadzirwa kwemapalette mashanu emhando yepamusoro (accent1, accent2, accent3, neutral1 uye neutral2) kubva paruvara rwepakutanga uye kugadziriswa kwechroma uye toni.
- Kugadzirwa kwemavara gumi nematatu pa palette, ine mwero wakasiyana wekupenya (0, 10, 50, 100, 200, 300… kusvika 1000), zvichikonzera huwandu hwemavara anoshanduka makumi matanhatu nemashanu.
- Kugadzira matani iwayo kumabasa eruvara rweUI, zvakaita sepakutanga, yechipiri, pamusoro, kumashure, zvinyorwa, midziyo, nezvimwewo.
Palette imwe neimwe yemavara mashanu ine maitiro ayo chaiwo: semuenzaniso, accent1 inowanzo kuve ruvara rukuru rwechiratidzo kana dingindira remushandisi, accent2 uye accent3 zvinoshanda sema accents anoenderana, uye neutral1/neutral2 zvakachengeterwa kumashure, pamusoro uye zvinhu zvisinganyanyi kuoneka.
Mafashoni emusoro mu Android 13
Ne Android 13, sisitimu iyi inotora danho rimwe uye inokutendera kuti usarudze pakati masitayera matanhatu akasiyana edingindiraizvo zvinosiyanisa madudzirwo anoita ruvara rwepakutanga kuti rugadzire palette yekupedzisira:
- TONAL_SPOT: ndiro dingindira rekuti Material You, rine kudedera kuri pakati nepakati uye matauriro akaenzana.
- VIBRANT: sarudza palette yakasimba asi ine kuchinja kwakanaka pakati pemavara, yakakodzera kune ma interface anokwezva maziso.
- KUTAURA: inogadzira musanganiswa wemavara asingatarisirwi uye akasiyana, ane simba guru rechromatic.
- SPRAY: inoderedza kuwanda kwemafuta kusvika padiki, ichitsvaga mhedzisiro inenge yakafanana uye yakapfava.
- MURARAVUNGU: inosanganisa magadzirirwo ane mavara akasiyana-siyana nepamusoro-soro kuti ipe mhedzisiro yakavanzika, inokurudzirwa kune marongero asingachinji pane kutora kubva kumashure.
- FRUIT SALAD: inobatanidza mavara maviri kuti ipe kuratidzwa kwakanyanya, uye yakakodzerawo ma palette akasimba pane ekumashure anochinja-chinja.
Sisitimu iyi inotora JSON yakachengetwa mu Settings.Secure.THEME_CUSTOMIZATION_OVERLAY_PACKAGES uko ruvara rwekutanga rwunotsanangurwa (semuenzaniso, "746BC1") uye, zvichida, maitiro emusoro (semuenzaniso, "EXPRESSIVE"). Neizvozvo, Android inogadzira otomatiki mavara akasiyana-siyana makumi matanhatu nemashanu ayo maapplication achashandisa.
Mavara epasi anobva kupi?
Nyaya Unofunga nezvenzira nhatu huru dzekuwana ruvara rwepakutanga iyo ichashanda senzvimbo yekutanga yealgorithm:
- Kubva pamufananidzo wemushandisiIyi ndiyo nyaya inonyanya kuitika. Sisitimu inoongorora mufananidzo ichishandisa quantization yemavara, inoburitsa manhamba akati wandei, uye inosarudza imwe inosangana nezvinodiwa zve chroma zvishoma (semuenzaniso, kukosha kweCAM16 ≥ 5) kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mhedzisiro yacho haina kusviba zvakanyanya.
- Kubva pane zviri muapp kana webhusaitiChishandiso chacho pachacho chinogona kusarudza kuti ruvara rukuru rwechishandiso chinobva pane zviri mukati macho, nokudaro chichichengetedza runako rwakanaka asi rwakabatana nechigadzirwa chacho.
- Kubva paruvara rwakasarudzwa nemaokoBrand kana mushandisi anosarudza ruvara rwakati, uye sisitimu inovaka palette yese kubva pairi, pasina kuda kuvimba neshure.
Muzviitiko zvese, chinangwa ndechekuti ruvara rumwe chete rwekupinda ruve ruvara rwakakwana, rwunowanikwa nyore nyore, uye rwakafananakudzivisa kubatanidzwa kunotadzisa kuverenga kana kuputsa pfungwa yekubatana kwekuona.
Kudzora mhando, vagadziri, uye vagadziri
Mubvunzo une musoro kune chero munhu anoshanda mukugadzira zvigadzirwa zvedhijitari ndewekuti iyi sisitimu inochinja "inodarika" magadzirirwo emhando. Pamusoro pezvose, unopedza maawa akawanda uchigadzirisa sisitimu yako yekugadzira asi wozoiwana gare gare. Android inochinja mavara zvichienderana newallpaper yemushandisi.
Mhinduro ndeyekuti Material You inopa chiyero chakanaka: semugadziri kana mugadziri wezvinhu Haurasikirwi nekutonga, nekuti unogona kusarudza kuti unoda kushandisa mavara anochinja-chinja kusvika papi.Sisitimu iyi yakagadzirirwa kuchinjika, kwete kudzima kuzivikanwa kwechigadzirwa chimwe nechimwe.
Madingindira akagadzirwa nemaoko uye zvirongwa zvemabrandi
Kugadzira Zvinhu 3 kunosanganisira pfungwa ye zvirongwa zvemhando yepamusoro kana zvemabhizinesiMavara aya haabvi pawallpaper yemushandisi, asi kubva pamavara anotsanangurwa neapplication pachayo. Kushandisa maturusi akadai se Material Theme Builder MuFigma, unogona kuisa mavara emhando yako (yekutanga, yechipiri, yechitatu, isina kupindirana) wobva warega sisitimu ichigadzira chirongwa chakakwana chinoenderana neM3.
Madingindira aya akagadzirirwa iwe zviratidzo zvemavara zvinodiwa uye bvumira app yako kuti:
- Inofanira kutaridzika zvinoenderana nezvimwe zvese zveMaterial You ecosystem.
- Chengetedza mukana wekusvikika zvakanaka muchiedza nerima.
- Gadzirisa kusanganiswa kweramangwana nemavara ehurongwa anochinja-chinja kana ukasarudza kudaro.
Iwe unogona zvakare sanganisa mavara emhando nemavara anochinja-chinjaChirongwa chikuru chinogona kugara nhaka yemamwe maitiro emushandisi, nepo mavara akawanda (semuenzaniso, kune mamwe maitiro chaiwo ekutaura kana magadzirirwo emhando) achiramba asina kuchinja.
Zviratidzo zvekugadzira uye mabasa emavara
Zvinhu Zvaunonyanya kukurudzira kushandiswa kwe dhizaini zviratidzoKureva, mazita echinyakare anotsiva ma "direct values" akadai se "hexadecimal codes". Pane kushandisa "#6200EE" chete, ma "token" anoshandiswa, akadai se colorPrimary, pamusoro peSurface, Chirongo chikuru, Etc.
Matokeni aya anobatanidzwa ne mapalette ezwi anochinja-chinja (system_accent1_600, system_neutral1_10, nezvimwewo) kuitira kuti app igone kugadzirisa chitarisiko chayo pasina kunyorazve kodhi yese. Design Kit neFigma plugin zvinogadzira ma token aya uye zvinoabatanidza nemasitayera ari mumafaira ekugadzira, zvichiita kuti kutamisirwa kubudiriro kuve nyore.
Kurongeka kwemaonero uye kuwanikwa
Kana uchishandisa mabasa eruvara kune yako UI, zvakakosha kuremekedza urongwa hwekukoshaMavara akanyanya kuzara anofanira kuchengeterwa zvinhu zvinoda kuitwa uye zvinhu zvinokosha; mavara asina kusimba uye akasiyana-siyana akapfava anochengeterwa mamiriro ekunze uye zvimwe zviri mukati.
Zvinhu Zvaunoda Unovimbisa kuti, zvichibva pamavara aunopa, sisitimu yacho ichaita kuti pave nemarudzi akasiyana-siyana kusiyana kwakakodzera kwemavara nezviratidzomumhando dzechiedza nedzerima. Kunyangwe zvakadaro, zvinokurudzirwa kuyedza musanganiswa wacho mumamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo, kunyanya kana ukaunza mavara echipiri kana echitatu anopenya anogona kukwikwidzana neruvara rwekutanga.
Ruvara runochinja-chinja mu Android ecosystem
Pakutanga, system yemavara inochinja-chinja yakanga isiri chikamu cheAOSP, izvo zvakamutsa kusava nechokwadi nezvekuti yaizoshandiswa chete nemafoni ePixel. Nekufamba kwenguva, Google yave ichishandiswa. kubatanidza kubviswa kwepalette uye kugadzirisa pfungwa mu Android 12 ne 13ichipa zvigamba nemagwaro ekubatsira maOEM kuti azvigamuchire nguva dzose.
Mhando dzakadai Samsung, OnePlus, Oppo, Vivo, realme kana Xiaomi Vakatozivisa rutsigiro rwemavara anochinja-chinja muzvikamu zvavo zveAndroid 12+, kuitira kuti mapurogiramu akaita seGmail agone kugadzirisa chitarisiko chawo uku vachiremekedza palette imwe chete pamidziyo yakasiyana.
Zvinodiwa kune vagadziri (OEM)
Kupa kuwirirana neMaterial YouVabatsiri veAndroid vanofanira:
- Shandisa pfungwa imwechete yekubvisa mavara seAOSP kuti uwane ruvara rwepakutanga rwewallpaper.
- Wedzera ruvara irworwo mu MaAPI makumi matanhatu nemashanu eruvara pamutemo (mapendi ekusimbisa uye asina kwaakarerekera ane mavara gumi nematatu rimwe nerimwe).
- Isa ma palette aya ese ari maviri UI yeSisitimu sezviri mumapurogiramu ayokuitira kuti vagadziri vechitatu vave nemaitiro akafanana.
- Kupa ruzivo rwe sarudzo yedingindira nepepa remadziro uko mushandisi anogona kuona nekusarudza musanganiswa wemavara zvichienderana neruvara rwekumashure kana ruvara rwepakutanga.
Uyezve, kana mudziyo usingatsigire kubviswa kwemavara ekumashure (nekuda kwezvirambidzo zvehunyanzvi kana sarudzo dzekugadzira), imwe sarudzo inogona kusarudzwa. palette isingachinji, rudzi rwezvinhu zvakajairika, kuchengetedza kubatana kwekuona kunyangwe chikamu chinoshanduka chikarasika.
Mifananidzo yemadziro, ThemePicker uye mapalette asingachinji
Kuyerera kwemavara kwakajairika kunotangira kubva sarudzo yepepa remadziro kana dingindiraKana mushandisi akachinja kumashure kana kusarudza seti yemavara, sisitimu yacho:
- Verenga mavara ekumashure anonyanya kukosha (kana verenga ruvara rwekutanga rwakasarudzwa).
- Sefa mavara iwayo zvichienderana ne chroma yavo nemimwe mitemo kuti usarudze inoshanda.
- Gadzira ma "tonal palettes" mashanu uye zadza maAPI emavara makumi matanhatu nemashanu.
- Gadziridza system UI uye ratidza mavara iwayo kuti maapplication ashandise.
Kuti vagadziri vagone kutsanangura mavara ekutanga asina kuchinja APK yeStub ine mavara akasiyana-siyana nemazita anotsanangura (semuenzaniso, Bhuruu, Tsvuku, Yero, Girini), izvo zvinoonekwa musarudzo sesarudzo dzakafanotaurwa. Chinhu chimwe nechimwe chinosanganisira kukosha kwekutanga uye kwechipiri kuchashandiswa nesystem senzvimbo yekutanga yemavara etoni.
Zvishandiso zvevagadziri: Zvinhu Zvinovaka Muvaki uye Zvishandiso Zvekugadzira
Kuti zvive nyore kushandisa Material You munyika yekugadzira, Google yakagadzira maturusi akati wandei, akanyanya kutarisa paFigma. Chinonyanya kukosha ndeche Plugin yekuvaka yeMaterial Themeizvo zvinokutendera kuti ugadzire mavara ane simba uye ane mazita asina kufanira kurwisana nemasvomhu emavara.
Con ichi chinhu hure:
- Rodha a musoro wenyaya wekutarisa kana kugadzira imwe kubva pakutanga.
- Tsanangura mavara akakosha (yekutanga, yechipiri, yechitatu, isina kwayakarerekera) uye ona kuti dzinopararira sei muUI yese.
- Shandisa zvirongwa zvakagadzirwa ku Zvikamu zvekugadzira zvinhu zvakabatanidzwa mufaira reFigma.
- Wedzera chirongwa ne mamwe mavara akagadzirwa (Custom0, Custom1…) yezvinodiwa zvemabhizinesi chaiwo kana kuti zvinoreva zvirevo.
Plugin inogadzira otomatiki masitayera eFigma anoshanda sematoni emavara, uye aya ndiwo link kune mamodheruNenzira iyi, kushandura dingindira (semuenzaniso, kubva pane risina kwarakarerekera kuenda kune rine zita) kunosanganisira kudzvanya bhatani uye kupa seti itsva yemasitayera.
Kupfuura nharembozha: mawidget, ma icons uye ma launcher
Kukanganiswa kweMaterial You hakugumiri pamapurogiramu esystem. Mawijeti eAndroid 12 Dzakagadziridzwa kuti dziremekedze maAPI matsva ehukuru, makona akatenderera, uye ruvara, uye vagadziri vanokurudzirwa kugadzirisa mawidget avo kuti vashandise hunyanzvi uhu.
Kune rumwe rutivi, nharaunda ye launcher ne icon pack yacherechedzawo. Kune ma dynamic icon packs ayo Dzinochinja ruvara zvichienderana newallpaper kana system accent.uye dzinochinjika kune ese ari maviri nzira dzechiedza nedzerima. Kuti dzishande, unofanirwa kushandisa ma launcher anoenderana (Nova Launcher, Lawnchair, Hyperion, Niagara, Smart Launcher, nezvimwewo) uye, mushure mekuchinja kumashure kana dingindira, shandisa zvakare icon pack kuti ugadzire palette itsva.
Zvinhu Zvawakashandisa Wakashandura Android kuita puratifomu uko ruvara nechimiro zvinochinjika neunyanzvi kune mushandisi wega wega, pasina kusiya vagadziri, mabrandi, kana vagadziri. Nekuda kwehurongwa hwe mavara anochinja-chinja, mapalette etoni, uye zviratidzo zvekugadziraZvinokwanisika kuva neinterface yakagadzirwa nemunhu wese asi yakanyatsorongeka, iri nyore kushandisa, uye inogoneka kufambiswa. Kunyangwe uchishandisa Pixel, Samsung, kana Xiaomi, pfungwa ndeyekuti foni yako iratidze hunhu hwako, uku ichiri kushanda uye ichitaridzika sezvinotarisirwa nemamiriyoni evanhu mu Android ecosystem. Goverana ruzivo kuitira kuti vashandisi vakawanda vadzidze nezvemusoro wenyaya.